Clary sage offers gardeners a rewarding experience with its aromatic foliage and striking flowers. Propagation is most successful through sowing seeds, where both freshness and soil quality play pivotal roles. Achieving an optimal propagation environment requires well-draining, fertile soil paired with consistent moisture without waterlogging. Seeds should be lightly covered with soil, as clary sage needs adequate light for germination. Gentle handling of seedlings is crucial until they are robust enough for transplanting, ensuring a higher success rate.

Black huckleberry, predominantly propagated during autumn and winter, prefers cutting and layering methods. It has moderate propagation difficulty, with successful signs including new foliage and root development. Ensure proper moisture and shelter for optimal results.

Black velvet is best propagated through division, a method well-suited for its growth habit. Gardeners should carefully separate the rhizomes, ensuring each new section has at least one growth point. Careful handling during the division process is critical to avoid damage to the delicate foliage and roots. Once separated, the sections should be potted in well-draining soil, kept moist, and placed in indirect light to encourage rooting and new growth.

Drummond's Aster is best propagated through cuttings during the ideal seasons of spring and summer. The process presents a moderate difficulty, and successful propagation is indicated by new growth. Ensure a well-draining medium for optimal results.

White mulberry is known for its ease of spread and adaptability to various soil conditions. Propagation is commonly achieved through grafting onto a suitable rootstock, which ensures the consistency of fruit quality and tree vigor. The technique involves joining a piece of white mulberry's stem containing buds (scion) onto the stem of another plant (rootstock). It is essential to make clean cuts and secure the graft union to promote successful healing and growth. Regular care following grafting improves survival rates, leading to the successful cultivation of new trees.

Giant duckweed is a small, fast-growing aquatic plant that proliferates through a unique form of vegetative reproduction. It typically spreads by fragmentation, where individual plantlets break off from a mature mother plant and quickly take root, floating independently. Thriving in still or slow-moving freshwater, it requires nutrient-rich water and ample light for optimal growth. For effective increase, gardeners can gently divide dense clusters, ensuring each new portion has sufficient roots and shoots for self-sustenance. This simplicity makes it an ideal choice for beginners looking to cultivate aquatic flora.

Common sainfoin is effectively propagated through sowing. For optimal results, prepare a well-draining soil mix and ensure the planting site receives ample sunlight. The seeds should be sown at a shallow depth, lightly covered with soil, and consistently kept moist until germination occurs. Regular watering and protection from extreme weather conditions support robust growth.

Pine-cone plant is a unique succulent with a thick, fleshy trunk reminiscent of a pine cone, popular among exotic plant collectors. When propagating pine-cone plant, use cuttings for the best results. Select a healthy, non-flowering shoot and snip off a 2 to 3-inch cutting. Allow the cutting to callus over for a few days before gently pressing it into a well-draining cactus mix. Maintain consistent moisture levels without overwatering, and provide bright, indirect light to encourage rooting. Patience is key, as pine-cone plant's roots take time to develop.