How to Treat Large spot mold Disease on Maize?

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English

English

繁體中文

日本語

Español

Français

Deutsch

Pусский

Português

Italiano

한국어

Nederlands

العربية

Svenska

Polskie

ภาษาไทย

Bahasa Melayu

Bahasa Indonesia

Symptom Analysis

Maize with Large spot mold display grayish-green, oblong to circular lesions on leaves. As the disease progresses, the center of these spots become tan or light brown. Necrotic areas often appear, leading to premature leaf death.

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What Causes Large spot mold Disease on Maize?

Fungal Organism

The disease is primarily caused by Bipolaris maydis, a pathogenic fungus that thrives in warm, wet conditions.

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How to Treat Large spot mold Disease on Maize?

Non pesticide

Crop Rotation: By rotating crops, the fungus has fewer opportunities for infection as it primarily feeds on Maize.

Resistant Varieties: Using Maize varieties that show resistance to Large spot mold can help curb the infection.

Pesticide

Fungicide Application: Fungicides containing strobilurin or triazole can be applied when the disease is active to control the fungus.

How to Prevent Large spot mold on Maize?

Proper Spacing

Ensuring there is adequate space between Maize plants can help reduce conditions conducive to fungal growth.

Early Detection

Inspecting Maize regularly for signs of mold or discoloration can prevent the disease from escalating.

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When is Large spot mold Most Active Period on Maize?

The disease is most active in warm and wet conditions, specifically during the late vegetative and early reproductive growth stages of Maize.

Infectivity

Highly

Large spot mold is highly infectious due to the pathogen's ability to produce numerous spores that easily spread through wind and rain splash.

Lethality

Moderately

The disease can lead to premature leaf death and potential yield loss, classifying it as moderately lethal. However, its lethality depends on the stage and severity of infection.

FAQs on Maize

What are the first signs of Large spot mold infestation on Maize?

The first sign is usually the appearance of oblong to circular grayish-green lesions on the leaves of the plant.

Why is Large spot mold highly infectious on Maize?

The pathogen producing this disease creates high amounts of spores that can easily spread through wind, making it highly infectious.

Can Large spot mold kill Maize plants?

While Large spot mold can lead to necrosis and premature leaf death, the plants may not necessarily die, but the disease can cause significant yield loss.

Can Large spot mold affect other plants as well?

While Large spot mold primarily affects Maize, other cereal grains can also be host to Bipolaris maydis.

How often should fungicides be applied to control the disease?

Fungicides should be applied whenever conditions are favorable for disease development. The frequency also depends on the severity of the infection.

Are certain Maize varieties more resistant to Large spot mold?

Yes, certain varieties may exhibit greater resistance to the disease. It's always best to choose disease-resistant species when possible.

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Other Common Problems About Maize

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Brown spot is a fungal disease affecting Maize, leading to yield reduction and quality loss. Its primary cause is the pathogen Bipolaris maydis, and it is most active in warm, damp conditions. Though moderately infectious, it's lethal on a smaller scale.

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Leaf rot is a detrimental disease affecting Maize, causing serious damage to its leaves. The disease, usually perpetrated by various fungi, interferes with photosynthesis, stunting growth, and decreasing yields.

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Caterpillars significantly affect Maize, causing damage leading to reduced output and hampered growth. They consume the foliage, bore into the cobs, and disrupt the plant's photosynthesis process. These insect larvae can greatly impact yield quality if left unchecked.

Rust mold in Maize is a fungal infection causing discoloration, stunted growth, and potential yield reduction. Effective management is critical to minimize economic and agronomic impact.

Leaf Spot is a disease that significantly affects Maize, leading to yield loss. It's caused by a group of fungi that create noticeable brown, gray, or black spots on the plant's leaves. High moisture and moderate temperatures facilitate disease spread.

Leafminer stripe

Leafminer stripe is a significant disease affecting Maize, causing stunted growth and reduced yield. The disease often results in leaf discoloration and poor corn ear development. It's caused by pests, typically prevalent in warmer climates, but can inflict damage throughout the growing season.

Yellow edges is a destructive condition affecting Maize, triggered by nutrient deficiencies, specifically a lack of magnesium, and imbalanced pH. This disease can cause significant yield loss and poor crop quality if left untreated.

Lack of fertilizer

Lack of fertilizer profoundly affects Maize by stunting growth, reducing yields, and causing malnutrition. Caused by insufficient nutrient supply, this non-contagious, low lethality condition can dramatically impact plant health and productivity if left unchecked.

Leaf tip withering

Leaf tip withering is a detrimental disease affecting Maize, resulting in dehydration and impaired photosynthesis. It's primarily caused by inadequate watering and nutrient imbalances. The disease, left untreated, can be lethal and is moderately infectious amongst the same species.

Fruit rot is a severe disease affecting Maize, leading to significant yield loss. Resulting from fungal growth, primarily due to high humidity and rainfall, this condition causes discolouration, wilting, and decay of the fruit. Effective management is crucial to maintain crop health.

Wilting is a disease that severely affects Maize, causing its leaves to droop and discolor. The disease interrupts normal water flow within the plant, thereby inhibiting growth and productivity and may potentially lead to the plant's death if not treated appropriately.

Leaf yellowing in Maize indicates a decline in chlorophyll, affecting photosynthesis and potentially leading to stunted growth and reduced yield.

Crown gall is a bacterial plant disease that causes tumour-like growths mainly on the stem of Maize. It hampers the normal growth and development, thus hugely impacting yield quality and quantity.

Dark spots is a fungal disease affecting Maize causing spots on leaves that can stunt growth and reduce yield. Its cause, symptoms, activity period, and control methods vary, requiring informed prevention and management.

Leaf wilting in Maize significantly affects the plant's vigor, productivity, and overall development, leading to severe yield reductions if untreated. It involves premature sagging and dehydration of leaves due to insufficient water supply or damage.

Dark blotch is a fungal disease affecting Maize often resulting in significant damage to the leaves, affecting photosynthesis, and drastically reducing yield. Caused by Alternaria alternata, it thrives under wet, warm conditions and can quickly spread in dense canopies.

Rust disease, scientifically known as Puccinia coronata causing severe decay, primarily affects Maize. This fungal disease triggers substantial yield loss and quality degradation. It is highly infectious, moderately lethal, and requires both cultural practices and chemical treatments for control and prevention.

Stem rot is a destructive disease affecting Maize cultivation, leading to substantial losses. Characterized by a soft, wet rot of stems, it hampers plant growth and crop productivity. The disease emerges due to fungal pathogens and is favored by moist, humid conditions.

Whole leaf withering

Whole leaf withering is a devastating disease that affects Maize, causing extensive damage and reducing crop yield. The disease is fueled by certain pathogens and environmental factors, manifesting through symptoms like leaf curling and discoloration.

The 'Caterpillar' disease refers to damage from caterpillar infestations on Maize, leading to reduced crop yield and vitality. These pests primarily eat the leaves, affecting the plant's ability to photosynthesize.

Fruit malformation

Fruit malformation is a prominent disease affecting Maize, leading to distorted grain shape and size, possibly reducing yield. It primarily attacks during kernel formation stage, caused by Fusarium spp., weather destroyers, and nutrient imbalance.

Aphids are common pests impacting Maize, causing nutrient loss and stunted growth. These small insects extract sap, weakening Maize and facilitating viral transmissions.

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