How to identify Woolgrass (Scirpus cyperinus)
Woolgrass, also known as Common woolsedge
Woolgrass showcases an erect growth habit with soft, brush-like inflorescences towering above the ground at heights of up to 5 feet (1.5 meters). Its green stems are sharply triangular in cross-section and bear narrow, grass-like leaves. During the summer months, these stems culminate in clusters of brownish spikelets, lending to its distinctive fluffy appearance. The plant thrives in saturated soils and forms dense colonies through its underground rhizomes, displaying a preference for abundant sunlight while being tolerant of partial shade.
Lifespan: Perennial
Plant Type: Herb
Leaf Type: Deciduous
Erect growth up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) with fluffy, brownish spikelet clusters
Triangular green stems with narrow, grass-like leaves reaching 12 inches (30 cm) long
Woolly flower clusters in loose, branched panicles, lacking distinct petals or scent
Small achene fruits in globular, rough inflorescence, blending with marshy surroundings
Bright green leaves up to 12 inches (30 cm) long, transitioning to yellowish-brown in fall
Woolgrass has slender, long, and flat leaves that can reach up to 12 inches (30 cm) in length. The leaves are typically bright green during the growing season, transitioning to a yellowish-brown in the fall. They have a smooth texture and a fine parallel venation pattern that runs the length of the blade. The leaf edges are slightly rough. The basal leaves are typically larger and broader, providing an important characteristic for identification.
The flowers of woolgrass bloom from July to September and are characterized by dense, woolly clusters. Each cluster consists of small, brownish spikelets measuring about 0.16 to 0.24 inches (4 to 6 mm) in length. The spikelets are arranged in loose, branched, open panicles. The flowers have no distinct petals or scent, making them less conspicuous. They grow in large, fluffy masses that can be up to 12 inches (30 cm) tall, giving a soft, fuzzy appearance.
The fruit of woolgrass is a small, dry, one-seeded structure known as an achene. These achenes are typically encapsulated within brown scales that form part of the compact, globular cluster, commonly referred to as an 'inflorescence', which gives a rough texture when touched. Each achene is approximately 0.04 inches (1 mm) in size, boasting a subtle, earth-toned hue that blends seamlessly with its marshy habitat. The fruit manifests prominently in late summer through fall, contributing to the plant's propagation.
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Scientific Classification of Woolgrass
