Granite mosses are distinctive bryophytes, generally found clinging to rocky surfaces in colder climates. These plants are unique in their lack of roots, instead using fine, hair-like structures to anchor to rocks. Their dark, often black coloration helps in absorbing maximum sunlight, crucial in their frost-prone habitats. Characterized by simple, scale-like leaves and spore capsules that split open with four vertical lines, granite mosses are resilient survivors in harsh environments.