Monkey puzzle tree - Araucaria araucana (Care, Characteristics, Symbolism, Images)

Monkey puzzle tree

Also known as: Chilean pine, Chile nut, Parana pine, Pewen

Monkey puzzle tree is distinctly known for its unique physical features having tiny and spiky leaves. It produces cones that are feasted on by birds and squirrels. Its common name was derived from a comment that its appearance is as unique as it appears to be challenging for a monkey to climb.

Scientific classification

Species

Monkey puzzle tree (Araucaria araucana)

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Perennial

Lifespan

Tree

Plant Type

Summer

Bloom Time

Fall

Harvest Time

15 m to 24 m

Plant Height

6 m to 9 m

Spread

Green

Leaf Color

Brown, Green

Fruit Color

Green, Yellow, Brown

Flower Color

Green

Stem Color

Winter dormancy

Dormancy

Evergreen

Leaf type

20 - 38 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Moderate

Growth Rate

Images of Monkey puzzle tree

Distribution of Monkey puzzle tree

Distribution Map

Monkey puzzle tree is indigenous to the temperate forests of South America. Over time, it has been introduced to and cultivated in various regions across the world, such as North America, the Caribbean, Africa, Eurasia, and East Asia. Despite this broadened range, monkey puzzle tree remains most associated with its original habitat in the Southern Hemisphere.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Habitat

Mountain slopes in coniferous woodland

Hemisphere Trend Curve

Northern

Sorthern

Culture

Garden Use

The monkey puzzle tree is grown for its unique architectural appearance. Other qualities that attract gardeners are its slow, manageable growth and its adaptability to various soil types. Most often it is used as a focal point or specimen tree on a patio or lawn. It looks striking grown in a small grove and does well in coastal gardens.

Symbolism

Escaping downfall

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Quickly Identify Monkey puzzle tree

Triangular, sharp-pointed leaves with glossy dark green finish.

Whorled branch pattern on tall, columnar tree up to 130 feet (40 meters) high.

Large reproductive cones, with female cones up to 8 inches (20 cm) long.

Thick, scaly bark with deep-set, wrinkled texture and horizontal folds.

Ovoid to spherical woody cones as fruit, maturing in 2-3 years.

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Care Guide for Monkey puzzle tree

Every 2 weeks

Water

Full sun

Sunlight

20 - 38 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Garden Soil

Soil Type

Water: Originating from South America's temperate rainforests, monkey puzzle tree thrives with consistent moisture and moderate drought tolerance. Watering every two weeks mimics its natural rainfall cycle. Typically grown outdoors, it flourishes in regions with ample rainfall supporting its robust growth.

Fertilize: For monkey puzzle tree, apply balanced fertilizers biannually during the growing season (spring to late summer), roughly 1-2 pounds per inch of trunk diameter per year. Water before fertilizing, monitor younger plants, and avoid over-fertilization to prevent weak growth.

Pruning: Monkey puzzle tree, known for its spiky foliage, thrives with proper pruning during its dormant phase in early to late winter. Remove dead branches to promote airflow and health, while avoiding heavy pruning to minimize stress. This practice enhances shape, reduces disease risk, and boosts vitality.

Propagation: Monkey puzzle tree is an evergreen propagated mainly by seeds, which germinate better when stratified. Asexual propagation via semi-hardwood cuttings is possible with rooting hormone. Use a well-draining substrate and maintain humidity for optimal root growth.

Repotting: Repot monkey puzzle tree every 2-3 years in spring using a large, sturdy pot and well-draining soil. After repotting, place monkey puzzle tree in a sunny area and monitor watering closely. These steps aid in recovery and support the growth of this slow-growing tree.

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