European nettle tree - Celtis australis (Care, Characteristics, Symbolism, Images)

European nettle tree

European nettle tree (Celtis australis) is a tall and sturdy deciduous tree - growing from 12 to 21 m in height. It's unique because it blooms with both male and female flowers. Berries appear in summer, ripening to a dark purple in fall. A variety of birds are attracted to the fruit, helping to disperse the seeds. The european nettle tree is considered a great choice to create shade or as a street tree.

Scientific classification

Species

European nettle tree (Celtis australis)

Roses, elms, figs, and allies

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Perennial

Lifespan

Tree

Plant Type

Spring

Bloom Time

2.5 cm

Flower Size

Red, Black

Fruit Color

Green, White

Flower Color

Winter dormancy

Dormancy

Deciduous

Leaf type

15 - 35 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Images of European nettle tree

Distribution of European nettle tree

Distribution Map

European nettle tree is originally native to the warm temperate and subtropical regions of the Mediterranean Basin. It has been introduced and cultivated in various parts of Central and Eastern Europe as well as certain areas of South America. Its adaptability allows it to thrive in a range of climatic conditions, extending its presence beyond its native habitat.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Habitat

Hedges, banks and sandy places.

Hemisphere Trend Curve

Northern

Sorthern

Culture

Garden Use

The ornamental european nettle tree is popular in parks and shady gardens. Gardeners mostly use it as a hedge or shade tree due to its dense branches. This tree requires low maintenance from gardeners since it's a hardy tree and is resistant to deer and drought. The showy fruits and flowers, and their resulting seeds, draw birds and butterflies to this tree wherever it grows.

Symbolism

Wholesome, pleasant, sweet

Interesting Facts

The european nettle tree can grow up to 21 m tall with a circumference of 15 m. European nettle tree typically lives between 50 and 150 years, but there are reports of specimens surviving over 400 years. The tree's dark purple berries are popular with birds and other wildlife.

Name Story

European hackberry: The species epithet ‘Australis’ means ‘southern’ in Latin, a reference to the tree's natural range in southern Europe.

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Care Guide for European nettle tree

Every 1-2 weeks

Water

Full sun

Sunlight

15 - 35 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Garden Soil

Soil Type

Water: European nettle tree thrives in Mediterranean climates, preferring moderate moisture and drought tolerance. Water every 1-2 weeks, ideally in an outdoor setting to benefit from natural rainfall, which promotes robust growth.

Fertilize: European nettle tree thrives with balanced nutrition, preferring high nitrogen fertilizers during the growing season for optimal foliage growth. Fertilize bi-annually in spring and autumn, using 1 cup of fertilizer per inch of trunk diameter. Avoid over-fertilization and adjust as european nettle tree matures to meet its needs.

Pruning: European nettle tree is a hardy deciduous tree with a broad canopy and rough bark. Prune in early spring to shape the tree and remove dead branches, improving air circulation and health. A light late summer prune can manage excessive growth, maintaining structural integrity and aesthetics.

Propagation: European nettle tree is propagated via hardwood cuttings, layering, or seeds in autumn and winter. With moderate difficulty, success is indicated by new growth and robust roots. Ensure proper soil drainage and adequate moisture for optimal results.

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Images of European nettle tree

Distribution of European nettle tree

Culture

Care Guide for European nettle tree

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