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Lesser knapweed
Also known as: Common knapweed, Hardheads
Lesser knapweed (Centaurea nigra) is a flowering plant that’s a member of the daisy family. Other names for it include black knapweed, common knapweed, and hardheads. It’s indigenous to the European continent. Lesser knapweed produces more nectar than almost any other plant on the planet.
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Herb
Plant Type
Summer, Early fall
Bloom Time
1 m
Plant Height
50 cm
Spread
Green
Leaf Color
2 cm to 3 cm
Flower Size
Purple, Pink, Red
Flower Color
Green, Red, Purple
Stem Color
Deciduous
Leaf type

Images of Lesser knapweed

Distribution of Lesser knapweed

Distribution Map
Lesser knapweed is a plant with a native range that spans across temperate regions of Europe and Western Asia. It has been introduced to other locales, notably in Northern Africa. While lesser knapweed is not endemic outside its primary range, it has been cultivated in various parts of its introduced regions. This adaptable species has thus extended beyond its original habitat to diverse environments.
Native
Cultivated
Invasive
Introduced
No species reported
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Habitat
Grassland, waysides, cliffs
Hemisphere Trend Curve

Weed Control

Lesser knapweed, or Lesser knapweed, originates from Europe and Asia, but has since spread far and wide. It's considered a weed due to its invasive growth pattern and resilience in varied conditions. It has the ability to reproduce rapidly, both sexually, through seeds, and vegetatively, via root fragments left in the soil. This plant can typically colonize a garden, choking out other desirable plants by competing for nutrients, sunlight, and water. Particularly to gardens, lesser knapweed diminishes the aesthetic appeal and biodiversity. When scouting your garden for this invader, look for deeply divided, lance-shaped leaves, and thistle-like flower heads, usually dark purple in color. Moreover, lesser knapweed is equipped with a deep and robust taproot system, making it difficult to uproot completely. The primary method of dispersal for lesser knapweed is by seed, chiefly carried by wind, water, animals, and even on the soles of human shoes. Prompt removal at early stages is key to prevent it from taking over your garden.
How to Control It
The best season to control lesser knapweed is late spring or early summer before it sets seed. The plant should be addressed before it reaches the flowering stage to prevent spreading.
  1. Hand Pulling: Early in the season while the soil is moist, remove lesser knapweed by grasping it at the base and pulling gently to remove the root system.
  2. Mulching: Lay a thick layer of organic material like wood chips or straw around plants to limit lesser knapweed seed germination and growth.
  3. Competitive Planting: Introduce vigorous plants that can outcompete lesser knapweed for resources such as sunlight, water, and nutrients.
  4. Regular Mowing: Cut the grass regularly to prevent lesser knapweed from flowering and producing seeds.
  5. Boiling Water: Pour boiling water directly onto the foliage and crown of lesser knapweed to kill the plant without the use of chemicals.
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Care Guide for Lesser knapweed

Every week
Water
Full sun
Sunlight
5 - 35 ℃
Ideal Temperature
Water: Lesser knapweed thrives in temperate meadows, showing moderate drought tolerance. It's best to water lesser knapweed weekly during its active growing season to support flowering and maintain soil moisture. Consistent hydration is key for optimal growth and overall health.
Fertilize: For lesser knapweed, apply balanced nutrition fertilizers biannually in spring and early summer, following package instructions. This promotes robust growth and flowering. Avoid over-fertilization, especially in fall. Use slow-release formulas for consistent nutrients, and evenly incorporate them into the soil for best results.
Pruning: Lesser knapweed is a hardy perennial wildflower with lacy foliage and vibrant purple flowers. Prune in spring to promote denser growth and abundant blooms. Deadhead spent flowers to encourage continuous blooming and prevent self-seeding. Regular pruning enhances air circulation, reducing disease risks.
Propagation: Lesser knapweed propagates mainly through sowing seeds or division. Seeds should be harvested when inflorescences are yellowish-brown and sown in spring or fall. Division is done in spring or fall, using 2-3-year-old clusters with 3-5 buds. Keep soil moist for root development.
Repotting: For lesser knapweed, repot every 2-3 years, ideally in spring before growth starts. Use a container slightly larger than the root ball. Post-repotting, provide sufficient sunlight and water to aid recovery; though lesser knapweed is resilient, consistent care supports optimal growth.
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