Cardamom - Elettaria cardamomum (Care, Characteristics, Distribution, Images)

Cardamom

Also known as: Green cardamom, Cardamon

Elettaria cardamomum is a pungent, aromatic, herbaceous, perennial plant, growing to about 2 to 4 m in height. The leaves are alternate in two ranks, linear-lanceolate, 41 to 61 cm long, with a long pointed tip. The flowers are white to lilac or pale violet, produced in a loose spike 30 to 61 cm long. The fruit is a three-sided yellow-green pod 1 to 2 cm long, containing several (15-20) black and brown seeds.

Scientific classification

Species

Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum)

Gingers, bananas, and allies

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Perennial

Lifespan

1.8 m to 4.5 m

Plant Height

3 m

Spread

Green

Leaf Color

Green

Fruit Color

White, Yellow

Flower Color

Green

Stem Color

Evergreen

Leaf type

20 - 38 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Images of Cardamom

Distribution of Cardamom

Distribution Map

Native to the tropical rainforests of the South Asian subcontinent, cardamom has broadened its presence remarkably. Now cultivated and naturalized in various parts of Southeast Asia, cardamom has also been introduced to the humid tropics of Central America. Its cultivation extends beyond its native range, indicating a successful adaptation to similar climates in other major regions around the globe.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Quickly Identify Cardamom

Lance-shaped leaves up to 2 feet (60 cm) long with purple-tipped yellow flowers.

Striking yellow flowers with lilac-purple veins arranged in loose panicles.

Oblong, 2 cm capsules with three-angled, smooth surfaces and highly aromatic seeds.

Smooth, glossy, sword-shaped leaves up to 24 inches (60 cm) long.

Cane-like stems reaching 6-15 feet (1.8-4.6 meters) with trailing shoots bearing seed capsules.

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Care Guide for Cardamom

Every week

Water

Partial sun

Sunlight

20 - 38 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Garden Soil

Soil Type

Water: Cardamom thrives in consistently moist soil and high humidity, typical of tropical rainforests. Optimal growth requires weekly watering and regular misting in indoor settings to recreate its humid environment, supporting its foliage and aromatic qualities while exhibiting moderate drought tolerance.

Fertilize: For optimal growth, cardamom requires regular, balanced fertilization monthly during the growing season, reducing to bi-monthly in winter. High-nitrogen mixes support juvenile growth, transitioning to phosphorus-rich formulas for flowering. Use slow-release fertilizers to prevent root damage from over-fertilization, ensuring a steady nutrient supply.

Pruning: Cardamom has tall, leafy stems and aromatic seeds. Prune in early to late spring, removing dead stems and thinning crowds for better air circulation. Regular pruning stimulates growth, but avoid over-pruning to prevent stress, ensuring a healthy and productive growing season.

Propagation: Cardamom is a perennial herb known for its aromatic seed pods, important in many cuisines. It propagates through division of rhizomatous roots, ensuring genetic uniformity. Using sanitized tools for root division is vital to minimize disease risk, supporting cardamom's health and crop quality.

Repotting: Cardamom should be repotted every 2-3 years in early spring to promote growth. Use a medium-sized pot ideal for its roots. After repotting, keep soil moist and avoid direct sunlight for a successful transition and healthy development.

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