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Chameleon plant
Also known as: Fish mint, Heart leaf, Bishop's weed
Chameleon plant (Houttuynia cordata) is a perennial low-growing shrub. In spring, its leaves burst forth with a kaleidoscopic mix of red, green, and white coloration. The name "chameleon" references the plant's colorful nature. In summer, beautiful white flowers with bristle-like centers bloom. Chameleon plant is common in Vietnamese and Chinese cuisine.
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Toxic to Humans
Toxicity
Perennial, Annual
Lifespan
Herb
Plant Type
Spring
Bloom Time
Spring, Summer, Fall
Harvest Time
30 cm to 1 m
Plant Height
1 m
Spread
Green, Blue, Red, Variegated
Leaf Color
2 cm to 3 cm
Flower Size
Green
Fruit Color
White, Yellow
Flower Color
Green, Blue, Red
Stem Color
Winter dormancy
Dormancy

Images of Chameleon plant

Distribution of Chameleon plant

Distribution Map
Chameleon plant is natively found in temperate and tropical regions of Eastern Asia and has been introduced to parts of Europe. Beyond its native range, chameleon plant has been cultivated for various reasons and is appreciated in some gardens. While chameleon plant is sometimes thought to be merely adventurous in its non-native locales, in certain areas such as New Zealand, it may have an impact on ecosystems. Despite this, its cultivation remains common in regions where climate and conditions are favorable.
Native
Cultivated
Invasive
Introduced
No species reported
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Habitat
Shrubberies, damp places, wet fields
Hemisphere Trend Curve
Flowering
Fruiting

Culture

Garden Use
Chameleon plant is commonly grown as a delightful groundcover near ponds or in bog gardens. Its brightly colored foliage, masses of pretty white flowers, and quick, low growth make it perfect in borders and paths. Coral bells, asters, and moor grass are excellent companion plants.
Symbolism
Pulsation
Name Story
Rainbow plant: The common name "rainbow plants" also symbolizes the droplets from mucilaginous which, under the right lighting conditions and viewing angle, sparkle in a rainbow of colors.
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Cultivars

There are several recognized cultivars of Chameleon plant, including the following common varieties :

Toxicity

Chameleon plant can pull mercury from polluted soil, storing it in roots and leaves. Consumption can cause mercury poisoning, primarily attacking the nervous system with symptoms like tingling, tunnel vision, weakness, tremors, and brain damage. Eradicate the plant if unsure of soil quality, especially in urban areas. Keep away from children and pets.
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Quickly Identify Chameleon plant

1
Heart-shaped leaves with red, bronze, or yellow hues
2
Leaves on long stems with translucent quality
3
Tiny flowers on conical lime green spikes
4
Distinctive white bracts around clustered flowers
5
Strong fishy odor when leaves are crushed
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Care Guide for Chameleon plant

Every week
Water
Partial sun
Sunlight
20 - 38 ℃
Ideal Temperature
Garden Soil
Soil Type
Water: Chameleon plant thrives in moist environments, requiring consistent moisture similar to wetlands. It tolerates high humidity and benefits from weekly watering. In outdoor settings, chameleon plant flourishes near water bodies, making it ideal for waterside gardens or boggy areas.
Fertilize: Use high-phosphorus and potassium fertilizers for chameleon plant to enhance root strength and flowers. Apply balanced liquid fertilizer monthly during growth, bi-monthly in dormancy. Water thoroughly after fertilization to prevent chemical buildup. Adjust quantities based on chameleon plant's growth response for optimal nourishment.
Pruning: Chameleon plant features heart-shaped, colorful leaves and thrives with periodic pruning from early to late spring. Trimming overgrown stems promotes denser growth, controls spread, and enhances aesthetics. Removing spent flowers and dead leaves supports health. Use clean, sharp tools to avoid disease transmission.
Propagation: To propagate chameleon plant, divide in spring or autumn, watching for new shoots as a success indicator. Keep divided plants moist and shaded until they are established.
Repotting: Spring is the best time to repot chameleon plant, which should be done every 2-3 years. Use a medium-sized pot suitable for its rhizomatic roots. After repotting, keep the soil moist and provide partial shade to support recovery and vibrant foliage.
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