Mate (Ilex paraguariensis)

Mate

Also known as: Paraguay tea

Yerba mate, or Ilex paraguariensis, begins as a shrub and then matures to a tree and can grow up to 15 metres tall. The leaves are evergreen, 8 to 109 mm long and 3 to 6 cm wide, with a serrated margin. The leaves are often called yerba (Spanish) or erva (Portuguese), both of which mean "herb".

Scientific classification

Species

Mate (Ilex paraguariensis)

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Perennial

Lifespan

White, Green

Flower Color

Evergreen

Leaf type

15 - 38 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Images of Mate

Distribution of Mate

Distribution Map

Mate is native to the subtropical regions of South America. Its presence in the wild predominantly spans from the southern cone extending into portions of the South Atlantic forest. Additionally, mate has been introduced and cultivated in various other subtropical regions, enhancing its range beyond its native bounds.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Care Guide for Mate

Every 2-3 weeks

Water

Full sun

Sunlight

15 - 38 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Water: Thriving in subtropical climates, mate exhibits moderate drought tolerance. In cultivation, it prefers consistent moisture without waterlogging, needing watering every 2-3 weeks. Its water requirements vary with the growing season, and adequate hydration during active growth is essential for optimal health and lush foliage.

Fertilize: For optimal health of mate, apply balanced fertilizers in spring and summer, transitioning to high-nitrogen during active growth. Fertilize quarterly per instructions, avoiding overuse to prevent root burn. During dormancy in autumn and winter, reduce applications. Wear gloves and distribute evenly around the soil.

Pruning: Mate, known for its caffeinated leaves, benefits from pruning in early to late winter during dormancy. Remove dead branches to improve airflow and sunlight, promoting healthy growth. Proper pruning enhances leaf quality and quantity, and using clean, sharp tools prevents disease transmission.

Propagation: Mate is cultivated for its leaves, used in a traditional beverage. Propagate by sowing quality seeds in well-draining soil. Seedlings need indirect sunlight and consistent moisture. Gradual acclimation is crucial before transplanting to protect against shock.

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