European larch (Larix decidua)

European larch

Also known as: White larch

European larch (*Larix decidua*) is a conifer that originates in mountainous regions in Central Europe. Widespread cultivation began in the 17th century, and many Dukes advocated for planting european larch. The tree is planted for ornamental purposes in gardens, and the wood is also used commercially. European larch wood is thought to be particularly useful for building yachts.

Scientific classification

Species

European larch (Larix decidua)

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Spring

Bloom Time

Fall

Harvest Time

25 m to 45 m

Plant Height

18 m to 24 m

Spread

Green, Yellow

Leaf Color

3.5 mm to 5 mm

Flower Size

Brown

Fruit Color

Pink, Yellow, Red

Flower Color

Green, Yellow

Stem Color

Winter dormancy

Dormancy

Deciduous

Leaf type

Images of European larch

Distribution of European larch

Distribution Map

European larch is native to mainland Europe, where it can form large forests or can be found planted in urban settings. It has also been cultivated in other parts of Europe, Turkey, and North America. Unfortunately, it has become invasive in New Zealand.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Habitat

Forms extensive open forests

Hemisphere Trend Curve

Northern

Sorthern

Culture

Garden Use

European larch is a popular tree in colder climates commonly planted in front and backyards for shade, valued for its attractive needles which turn a striking yellow-orange color in the fall. Planting the trees close together creates a natural privacy fence along property lines and in front of busy streets.

Symbolism

Protect against evil spirits

Name Story

European larch: It is a larch species native to the mountains of central Europe. The needle-like leaves are light green which turns bright yellow before they fall in the autumn, leaving the pale yellow-buff shoots bare until the next spring. Therefore, it is called the European larch.

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Quickly Identify European larch

Needle-like, bright green leaves in clusters of 20 to 40, 1-1.5 inches (2.5-3.8 cm) long.

Distinctive bark transitions from smooth and grayish to rugged, furrowed, and flaky.

Conspicuous conifer cones, reddish-brown, with ovate to conical shape, about 1.5 inches (3.8 cm).

Graceful, pyramidal to irregular silhouette, with drooping, horizontal branches and robust, grooved trunk.

Yellow-amber color change of leaves in autumn, adding a striking seasonal feature.

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Care Guide for European larch

Every 1-2 weeks

Water

Full sun

Sunlight

0 - 25 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Garden Soil

Soil Type

Water: European larch thrives in cool temperate climates, requiring watering every 1-2 weeks and showing moderate drought tolerance. As a deciduous conifer, it sheds needles annually, influencing water uptake. Outdoor cultivation is preferred, with reduced irrigation during winter dormancy.

Fertilize: For european larch, apply balanced nutrition fertilizers in early spring, biannually, with reduced amounts in autumn to prevent late growth. Mulching enhances nutrient release, and seasonal adjustments are vital for health. Avoid over-fertilization by following package instructions to support european larch's vitality.

Pruning: European larch benefits from light pruning in early spring to remove dead or diseased branches, enhancing air circulation and shape. Avoid heavy pruning to prevent stress. Regular, careful maintenance promotes healthier growth and an attractive form, ensuring optimal thriving throughout its seasonal cycle.

Propagation: Propagation of european larch is optimally done through layering, cutting, or sowing in autumn or winter. While moderately challenging, success is indicated by healthy root growth. Providing suitable environmental conditions is crucial for enhancing propagation success.

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