Watercress - Nasturtium officinale (Care, Characteristics, Symbolism, Images, Edible)

Watercress

Also known as: Kowhitiwhiti, Teng tongue, Well grass, Eker, Bilure

Watercress (Nasturtium officinale) is an aquatic perennial plant native to Europe and Asia. It attracts insects and pollinators but especially flies. Watercress is valued as an ornamental plant in gardens, and for its ability to float in water.

Scientific classification

Species

Watercress (Nasturtium officinale)

Mustards, capers, and allies

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Toxic to Human & Pets

Toxicity

Weeds

Weed or not

Perennial

Lifespan

Herb

Plant Type

Spring, Summer, Fall

Bloom Time

Spring, Summer, Fall, Early winter

Harvest Time

20 cm to 40 cm

Plant Height

20 cm

Spread

Green

Leaf Color

1 mm to 2.5 mm

Flower Size

Green

Fruit Color

0 - 38 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Images of Watercress

Distribution of Watercress

Distribution Map

Watercress thrives both in its native regions of Northern Africa, parts of Asia and Europe, and in major regions globally where it has been introduced. Spanning continents, watercress adapts readily to various climates, leading to its cultivation and naturalization in places ranging from temperate to tropical zones across the Americas, Oceania, and additional parts of Africa and Asia.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Habitat

Stream margins, ditches, flushes with moving water, chalk or limestone areas

Hemisphere Trend Curve

Northern

Sorthern

Culture

Symbolism

Victory, patriotism, conquest, resignation

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Toxicity

All parts of the watercress plant are mildly toxic to dogs and cats. Ingestion can cause vomiting or diarrhea but usually results in a mild upset stomach. Contact a veterinarian if symptoms are prolonged or severe. Dogs may ingest watercress through table scraps from seasoned dishes.

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Care Guide for Watercress

Twice per week

Water

Full sun

Sunlight

0 - 38 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Garden Soil

Soil Type

Water: Watercress thrives in consistently wet conditions, requiring twice-weekly watering to maintain moisture. Typically grown outdoors, it flourishes in environments that replicate its native streambanks, making it suitable for water gardens or riparian plantings.

Fertilize: For optimal growth of watercress, apply high-nitrogen fertilizer monthly during the growing season, with a balanced liquid feed and diluted to half-strength to prevent root burn. Young plants require more frequent feeding, while established ones need less. Use sparingly in winter and follow package dosing instructions.

Pruning: Watercress flourishes in moist environments and benefits from pruning in early to late spring. Trimming stems fosters branching and reduces overcrowding, enhancing vitality and yield. Clean cuts minimize stress and disease risks, promoting a healthy and productive garden.

Propagation: Watercress benefits from division in spring or autumn for optimal growth. Propagation is straightforward, showcasing new offshoots. Properly separating the roots is essential for successful establishment.

Repotting: Repot watercress in spring every 2-3 years to support its spreading growth. Use a wide, shallow container to mimic its aquatic habitat. Keep the soil persistently moist post-repotting to promote healthy growth and ensure watercress remains lush and vibrant.

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