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Beefsteak plant
Also known as: Perilla mint, Korean perilla
Beefsteak plant (Perilla frutescens) is a relative of mint native to South Asia. It is popular in gardens of all kinds because it is edible and attracts butterflies. The plant's leaves smell like mint, but the oil extracted from the beefsteak plant is said to have a nutty flavor.
Scientific classification
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Summer, Fall
Bloom Time
Fall
Harvest Time
60 cm to 90 cm
Plant Height
30 cm to 35 cm
Spread
Green, Red, Purple
Leaf Color
15 cm
Flower Size
Brown, Green, Copper, Black, Silver, Gray
Fruit Color
White, Pink
Flower Color
Green, Red, Purple, Burgundy, Lavender
Stem Color
Winter dormancy
Dormancy
Deciduous
Leaf type
20 - 35 ℃
Ideal Temperature
Summer, Fall
Growth Season

Images of Beefsteak plant

Distribution of Beefsteak plant

Distribution Map
Beefsteak plant is native to most parts of Asia. It's been naturalized in much of the easternmost areas of the United States, some European countries, and Cambodia. Hilly and mountainous terrain is where beefsteak plant grows naturally.
Native
Cultivated
Invasive
Introduced
No species reported
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Habitat
Hills, mountains, fertile situations
Hemisphere Trend Curve

Culture

Economic Value
Perilla oil can be extracted from the beefsteak plant.
Garden Use
The beefsteak plant can be grown in drought-tolerant Mediterranean, herb, and cottage gardens in beds and borders, but also in containers, pots, and window boxes. It is prized as a decorative and edible plant in Asian cuisine, and valued for its fast growth and heat tolerance. Companion plants of the beefsteak plant include the Cordyline, petunia, and sweet potato vine.
Symbolism
Health, simplicity
Interesting Facts
Legend has it that a man suffered from abdominal pain from overeating crab. When the divine doctor Hua Tuo saw him, he immediately asked people to go dig up a purple leaf for the man to eat. After a while, the man’s abdominal pain subsided. This purple leaf is the beefsteak plant, which is good for taking with cold food.
Name Story
Beefsteak plant: It's called Beefsteak plant, not because it looks like steak or tastes like steak, it is due to its darkest variety for being as red as steak.
Korean perilla: Like other plants from the Perilla genus, this plant is often known as "perilla". It is also known as Korean perilla because it is widely cultivated in Korea and used in Korean cuisine.
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Toxicity

Beefsteak plant is mildly toxic to humans, causing labored breathing and upset stomach when ingested. It poses a significant risk to dogs and cats, causing gastrointestinal, respiratory, and neurological issues. All parts of the plant are toxic, and immediate veterinary attention is necessary if ingested by pets.
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Quickly Identify Beefsteak plant

1
Vibrant purple-red foliage resembling raw meat, distinctive and fragrant, growing up to 2 feet (60 cm).
2
Small, bell-shaped flowers in spike-like inflorescences, white to purple-red, blooming late summer to mid-fall.
3
Four small, netted nutlets, grey-brown to dark brown, enclosed within protective calyx, 1-2 mm in diameter.
4
Ovate to round leaves, 2-13 cm long, purple to red, toothed edges, cross-like pattern, edible and aromatic.
5
Square stem with four grooves, covered in fine hairs, fragrant when bruised, branching pattern, about 2 feet tall.
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Care Guide for Beefsteak plant

Twice per week
Water
Full sun
Sunlight
20 - 35 ℃
Ideal Temperature
Garden Soil
Soil Type
Water: Beefsteak plant originates from Asia and thrives in humid conditions. It shows moderate drought tolerance but prefers consistent moisture, requiring watering twice a week. Typically grown indoors, beefsteak plant benefits from well-draining containers to prevent root waterlogging.
Fertilize: For beefsteak plant, use high-nitrogen fertilizers monthly during the growing season and quarterly in winter. Apply a balanced, diluted solution to the soil, avoiding over-fertilization. Younger beefsteak plant may need more frequent feeding. Monitor growth and adjust the regimen for optimal health.
Pruning: Beefsteak plant is an aromatic herb valued for its culinary uses. Prune in spring to enhance bushiness, removing the top one-third and dead stems. Clean tools to prevent infections and prune above leaf nodes to encourage new growth and improve flavor.
Propagation: Beefsteak plant propagates by sowing in Spring with moderate difficulty. Successful propagation is indicated by vibrant seedlings and healthy roots. Consistent moisture is crucial for optimal growth.
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