Flatfork fern is a primitive vascular plant resembling ferns and horsetails, with simple, leafless green stems branching dichotomously. This species thrives in shaded, humid environments, where its rhizoids (root-like structures) efficiently anchor into the soil, allowing for the absorption of water and nutrients. Distinctively, flatfork fern lacks true leaves and roots, a characteristic of ancient plant lineages, and reproduces through spores, indicating an evolutionary past deeply entwined with the earliest terrestrial ecosystems.