Canyon live oak (Quercus chrysolepis)

Canyon live oak

Also known as: Golden cup oak, Californian live oak

Canyon live oak (Quercus chrysolepis) is an evergreen oak that grows in southwestern North America. Canyon live oak is the most widespread oak species in California. It grows in moist, cool habitats near creeks. Indigenous American tribes used the acorn from this tree for food. Its roasted seeds can be used as a coffee substitute.

Scientific classification

Species

Canyon live oak (Quercus chrysolepis)

Beeches, walnuts, and allied trees

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Toxic to Humans

Toxicity

Perennial

Lifespan

Tree

Plant Type

Spring

Bloom Time

20 m

Plant Height

10 m

Spread

Green, Blue, Yellow, White, Gray, Gold, Silver

Leaf Color

Winter dormancy

Dormancy

Evergreen

Leaf type

0 - 35 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Slow

Growth Rate

Images of Canyon live oak

Attributes of Canyon live oak

Growth Rate

The growth rate of canyon live oak is slow, observable mainly in Spring, Summer, and Fall. This idiosyncratic pace allows the plant to invest in robust leaf production and bark thickness, conferring resilience. Seasonal variations can be noted, yet this slow progression often reaches a plateau, ensuring growth sustainability.

Distribution of Canyon live oak

Distribution Map

Canyon live oak naturally occurs in the major regions of North America. With a range extending broadly within this continent, it has also been introduced to other regions for cultivation. Its presence as a cultivated species continues to expand, facilitated by human activity and horticultural practices.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Habitat

Canyons, moist slopes, stream banks

Hemisphere Trend Curve

Northern

Sorthern

Culture

Symbolism

Protection, Health, Money

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Toxicity

Canyon live oak, a member of the oak or Quercus genus, may be mildly toxic to humans, cats, and dogs. Ingestion of young leaves and acorns can cause gastrointestinal issues. Symptoms include stomachache, diarrhea, and vomiting. Immediate veterinary care is necessary if pets show signs of poisoning.

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Quickly Identify Canyon live oak

Distinct glossy, dark green leaves, thick and leathery, with smooth or spiny margins.

Striking chestnut brown acorns with a unique fuzzy golden cap, taking two years to mature.

Male flowers as wooly catkins up to 4 inches (10 cm), female spikes shorter.

Evergreen tree with broad trunk, reaching up to 80 feet (24 meters) tall and 2 feet (60 cm) in diameter.

Bark undergoes age-related transformation from smooth grayish-brown to mature tight-scale pattern with furrows.

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Care Guide for Canyon live oak

Every 2-3 weeks

Water

Partial sun

Sunlight

0 - 35 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Water: Canyon live oak is highly drought-tolerant, thriving with minimal moisture and ideally watered once every 2-3 weeks. Preferring well-draining soil to prevent root rot, it benefits from dry periods between watering, reflecting its adaptation to arid conditions and rugged outdoor habitats.

Fertilize: For canyon live oak, use balanced fertilizers in spring and high nitrogen if growth is poor. Fertilize biannually, adjust for age, and water thoroughly post-application. Seasonal changes dictate fertilizer ratios, with nitrogen prioritized in spring. Follow package instructions to prevent over-fertilization and ensure vitality.

Pruning: Canyon live oak thrives with pruning during dormant winter months to remove damaged branches, improve air circulation, and shape the tree. Emphasize a strong leader and balanced canopy for health and aesthetics, while avoiding over-pruning to prevent stress and ensure structural integrity.

Propagation: Canyon live oak propagates optimally via cuttings and layering in spring. While the process can be challenging, signs of success include healthy green growth and new roots. Maintaining proper care and moisture is essential for effective propagation.

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Images of Canyon live oak

Attributes of Canyon live oak

Distribution of Canyon live oak

Culture

Toxicity

Quickly Identify Canyon live oak

Care Guide for Canyon live oak

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