Blackjack oak (Quercus marilandica)

Blackjack oak

Also known as: Barren oak, Western blackjack oak

The blackjack oak is a small deciduous tree that can grow up to 15 m tall. The wood burns very hot and is prized for cooking and for heat. It is a common wood for barbecues in the southern part of the United States and works well in wood stoves. Use caution, however, as the wood pops when it burns which can be dangerous in a wood-burning fireplace.

Scientific classification

Species

Blackjack oak (Quercus marilandica)

Beeches, walnuts, and allied trees

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Toxic to Humans

Toxicity

Perennial

Lifespan

Tree

Plant Type

Spring

Bloom Time

Summer, Fall

Harvest Time

15 m

Plant Height

Yellow, Green, Gold

Flower Color

Brown, Green

Stem Color

Winter dormancy

Dormancy

Deciduous

Leaf type

5 - 35 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Slow

Growth Rate

Images of Blackjack oak

Attributes of Blackjack oak

Growth Rate

Given its slow growth rate, blackjack oak expends its energy for survival rather than rapid expansion in Spring and Summer. This results in toughened, drought-resistant leaves and conservative height increases. Interestingly, this slow growth enhances blackjack oak's longevity, enabling it to outlive faster-growing species.

Culture

Garden Use

When autumn arrives, the colorful foliage of blackjack oak adds abundant decoration to any landscape. You can grow it as an ornamental tree in wild or woodland gardens. It also works well in sunny informal gardens, especially in temperate regions where its autumn coloring can be put to its best advantage.

Symbolism

Protection, Health, Money

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Toxicity

Blackjack oak is mildly toxic to humans, especially children, and can cause stomach problems if ingested. The acorns and young leaves contain tannins. Cats and dogs may be poisoned by eating high amounts of blackjack oak, showing signs of gastrointestinal upset or discomfort. Immediate veterinary attention is crucial if pets exhibit symptoms post-ingestion.

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Quickly Identify Blackjack oak

Distinctive wedge-shaped leaves with hairy texture, showing red, yellow, or brown fall colors.

Stout dark brown stems with sharp, fuzzy reddish-brown buds, easily identified by texture.

Rugged bark with dark rectangular plates and deep fissures, aging to a pronounced rough texture.

Male flowers form yellow-green catkins up to 4 inches (10 cm) long, arranged conspicuously.

Light brown acorns up to 1 inch (2.54 cm) with distinctive striated texture, capped with hairy scales.

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Care Guide for Blackjack oak

Every 1-2 weeks

Water

Full sun

Sunlight

5 - 35 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Garden Soil

Soil Type

Water: Blackjack oak thrives in dry, sandy soils and shows excellent drought tolerance, requiring watering every 1-2 weeks. During dormancy in colder months, its water needs reduce significantly, making indoor care potentially less demanding than outdoor cultivation.

Fertilize: For optimal growth, blackjack oak requires balanced fertilizers high in nitrogen, applied biannually in spring and fall at 2-4 lbs per 1000 sq ft. Apply less frequently when blackjack oak is dormant and avoid over-fertilization. Fertilizer should be spread evenly around blackjack oak's drip line.

Pruning: Blackjack oak has rugged bark and leathery leaves. Prune in early spring, focusing on dead or diseased branches with clean cuts near the branch collar. Minimal pruning suffices to promote growth and prevent overcrowding, enhancing air circulation and sunlight exposure.

Propagation: Blackjack oak propagates easily via hardwood cuttings and air layering, with seeds sown in autumn or winter. It has low propagation difficulty, with new leaves and stems indicating success. Ensure the soil is well-draining for optimal growth.

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