Chinese buckthorn has a native presence in East Asia, where it populates several regions known for their temperate climates. It has also established itself in parts of Northeastern Asia, as an introduced species, thus expanding beyond its original range. This broad distribution highlights the plant's adaptability to different Asian environments.

Chinese buckthorn is cultivated around the world as a hedge shrub. However, it has become invasive in open fields in some areas, including New Zealand, Michigan, North Dakota, and Illinois.

Chinese buckthorn seeds can remain viable in the soil for several years, so this plant can create seed banks which aggravate its removal. The easiest way to get rid of chinese buckthorn is to notice it early and hand-pull the seedlings. Mow the area repeatedly to stop new chinese buckthorn from popping up. Fires can stimulate the seeds to sprout, so this method of control is not advised unless it is going to be followed by mechanical removal of seedlings. Some people find success by planting northern red oak in its place. For large infestations, concentrate on getting rid of female plants first, so that no more seeds get added to the bank. Girdling, as well as cutting and applying herbicides to the stumps are effective methods for removal of mature plants. Repeated mowing and cutting can also be effective if you prefer non-chemical removal. If you opt for herbicide use, consult an agricultural expert to find the best active substance and application method for your geographic region. Spray on a windless day to avoid drift.