Nightshade - Solanum incanum (Taxonomy, Characteristics, Distribution, Images)

Nightshade

Also known as: Bitter apple, Bitterball, Grey bitter-apple

Among the other nicknames of nightshade (Solanum incanum) are thorn apple, Sodom apple, and bitter apple, giving a clue to its toxicity. The nightshade's toxic fruit is a significant threat to grazing animals and livestock in the plant's native Africa, where it is widespread and highly invasive. It is also effective as a pesticide, particularly against cattle ticks.

Scientific classification

Species

Nightshade (Solanum incanum)

Nightshades, bindweeds, gooseweeds, and allies

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Toxic to Pets

Toxicity

Perennial

Lifespan

Shrub

Plant Type

Early winter, Late winter, Early spring, Mid spring, Late summer, Fall

Harvest Time

1.5 m

Plant Height

Green

Leaf Color

Purple

Flower Color

Images of Nightshade

Distribution of Nightshade

Distribution Map

The nightshade is native to a swath of regions, primarily spanning the African continent, the Arabian Peninsula, and parts of South and Southeast Asia. Its native range extends throughout major sub-Saharan regions, northeast Africa, and the Middle East, while also found in South Asia, specifically around the Indian subcontinent, and Southeast Asia. Nightshade has adapted to a variety of climates within these broad territories.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Habitat

Overgrazed grassland, roadsides, forest edges, bush land

Hemisphere Trend Curve

Northern

Sorthern

Care Guide for Nightshade

Every 2-3 weeks

Water

Full sun

Sunlight

15 - 38 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Water: Nightshade thrives in arid conditions, showing excellent drought tolerance and requiring watering every 2-3 weeks. It manages water balance effectively and, as an outdoor species in warm climates, it benefits from occasional rain showers to enhance its water intake.

Fertilize: For optimal growth, nightshade needs regular feeding with balanced or nitrogen-rich fertilizers every 2-4 weeks during active growth, tapering in winter. Use 1/2 strength dosage to prevent harm, enhancing growth and flowering. Adjust nutrients according to life stages for best health and vigor.

Pruning: Nightshade benefits from selective pruning in early spring to enhance shape and growth. Remove dead or crowded branches to improve air circulation and fruit production. Regular inspections for pests and diseases are essential for healthy maintenance. Use protective gloves due to thorny branches.

Propagation: Nightshade, from the Solanaceae family, is propagated via healthy cuttings in well-draining soil. Utilizing rooting hormone aids establishment. Consistent moisture and warmth are essential, with careful handling to avoid waterlogging, ensuring strong growth before transplanting into separate pots.

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