Tree nettle (Urtica ferox)

Tree nettle

Tree nettle is a nettle species that happens to be one of New Zealand's most poisonous native plants. Unlike other herbaceous nettle species, it grows in the form of a large, woody shrub, sometimes forming extensive thickets. The leaves are sharply toothed and covered in spines that inject a toxin called triffydin upon contact.

Scientific classification

Species

Tree nettle (Urtica ferox)

Roses, elms, figs, and allies

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Perennial

Lifespan

Shrub

Plant Type

Spring, Summer, Fall

Bloom Time

Mid winter

Harvest Time

3 m

Plant Height

Deciduous

Leaf type

15 - 38 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Images of Tree nettle

Distribution of Tree nettle

Distribution Map

Tree nettle is native to the temperate oceanic regions of the southern hemisphere, thriving primarily within a particular island nation known for its unique biodiversity. It has not been widely introduced beyond its natural range, thus its presence remains largely within its native ecosystem.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Habitat

Valley

Hemisphere Trend Curve

Northern

Sorthern

Care Guide for Tree nettle

Every 2-3 weeks

Water

Full sun

Sunlight

15 - 38 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Water: Originating from areas with moderate humidity, tree nettle exhibits drought tolerance, needing watering every 2-3 weeks. As an outdoor plant in temperate climates, it aligns its growth cycle with seasonal rains, balancing moisture retention and dryness.

Fertilize: For tree nettle, use balanced fertilizers, shifting to high-nitrogen during growth. Fertilize monthly in warm months, less in cool to avoid overgrowth. Dilute liquids for even application, and wear gloves as tree nettle may cause skin irritation. Proper care promotes strong health and growth.

Pruning: Tree nettle should be pruned in early spring to remove dead branches and improve air circulation. This timing supports healthier growth and enhances structural integrity and appearance while minimizing disease risk. Regular pruning techniques can significantly benefit the plant's overall health.

Propagation: Tree nettle is a robust perennial with stinging hairs, best propagated through cuttings from healthy, non-flowering shoots during active growth. Cuttings should be a few inches long with several leaves, planted in soil and compost, kept moist and warm for effective root development.

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