Coontie - Zamia pumila (Care, Characteristics, Symbolism, Images, Toxic)

Coontie

Also known as: Florida arrowroot, Seminole bread, Sago palm, Zamia

The coontie (Zamia pumila) isn’t really a palm at all, but a small shrub that has palm tree-like leaves. Although it is sensitive to be transplanted, once it is established, this little shrub is a hardy ornamental bush. It works great in warm climates as borders, a small hedge, and even in containers.

Scientific classification

Species

Coontie (Zamia pumila)

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Toxic to Pets

Toxicity

Shrub

Plant Type

Summer

Bloom Time

Mid winter

Harvest Time

30 cm to 91 cm

Plant Height

1.5 m

Spread

Green

Leaf Color

Brown, Red

Fruit Color

Red, Brown

Flower Color

Non-dormant

Dormancy

Evergreen

Leaf type

20 - 38 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Images of Coontie

Distribution of Coontie

Distribution Map

Coontie is a plant primarily native to subtropical regions of the Caribbean. It has since been introduced and cultivated in other parts of the world, largely due to its ornamental value. Although coontie can be found in a range of settings, its most significant presence remains within its indigenous territories.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Habitat

Dry, sandy pinelands, hammocks

Hemisphere Trend Curve

Northern

Sorthern

Culture

Garden Use

Coontie is a popular addition in tropical gardens, where it is often used for ground cover or as a specimen plant in landscaping applications. It can grow in most environments and is relatively hardy in the cold. Uniquely shaped fruit add to its garden appeal, along with its ability to attract the Atala butterfly.

Symbolism

Victory, strength

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Toxicity

Coontie is highly toxic and can cause severe symptoms in humans, cats, and dogs if ingested. Symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, and lethargy. The roots and seeds contain the highest concentrations of toxins. Severe poisoning can result in liver failure, coma, or death. Immediate medical attention is crucial for any suspected ingestion.

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Quickly Identify Coontie

Distinct evergreen foliage provides year-round visual interest.

Male cones cylindrical, female cones elongate-ovoid, displaying a reddish hue.

Pinnately compound leaves with feathery appearance, each leaflet lined with toothed margins.

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Care Guide for Coontie

Every 1-2 weeks

Water

Full sun

Sunlight

20 - 38 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Garden Soil

Soil Type

Water: Coontie thrives in sandy woodlands, exhibiting drought tolerance with a watering frequency of every 1-2 weeks. As an evergreen, it needs consistent moisture without waterlogging. Preferably grown outdoors, coontie flourishes in well-draining soils that replicate its natural habitat.

Fertilize: For optimal health, coontie thrives on balanced nutrition fertilizer applied quarterly during the growing season. Water after fertilizing to prevent root burn, and adjust feeding in winter. A balanced, slow-release formula supports gradual growth while avoiding overfeeding.

Pruning: Coontie is a hardy, slow-growing plant with evergreen fronds. Prune in early to late winter to maintain shape, using clean shears to cut back to the base. This promotes new growth and improves airflow, but avoid heavy pruning to prevent stress. Refer to horticultural guidelines for optimal care.

Propagation: Coontie propagates effectively via cutting and layering in Spring and Summer. While moderately challenging, successful growth is indicated by new roots and shoots. A moist, well-draining medium is essential for optimal propagation outcomes.

Repotting: Coontie thrives when repotted every 2-3 years during spring for optimal growth. Select a slightly larger pot for adequate drainage. After repotting, place coontie in indirect light and maintain moderate moisture to support recovery. Its resilient nature requires minimal care.

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