Szechuan Pepper (Zanthoxylum simulans)

Szechuan Pepper

Also known as: Sichuan pepper, Flatspine prickly ash, Prickly ash

Szechuan Pepper is a small tree with leaves similar in appearance to Ash (Fraxinus). The aroma emitted from its fruit, bark, and leaves is one of the features responsible for its gross popularity as an ornamental. It was given its common name "Chinese pepper" as it is frequently used as a substitute for pepper in the Far East.

Scientific classification

Species

Szechuan Pepper (Zanthoxylum simulans)

Maples, mangos, mahogany, citrus, and allies

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Tree, Shrub

Plant Type

Spring, Summer, Late winter

Bloom Time

8 m to 15 m

Plant Height

3 m to 7 m

Spread

Green

Leaf Color

4 mm to 5 mm

Flower Size

Red, Black, Brown, Copper, Burgundy

Fruit Color

Green, Yellow

Flower Color

Green, Red

Stem Color

Deciduous

Leaf type

10 - 35 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Images of Szechuan Pepper

Distribution of Szechuan Pepper

Distribution Map

Szechuan Pepper is a plant species native to temperate regions of East Asia. It has since been introduced to other areas for cultivation due to its adaptability. Although primarily found in its indigenous range, szechuan Pepper has expanded beyond, growing in various non-native regions across continents where the climate is suitable for its survival. The plant is recognized for its capability to thrive in a wide range of environmental conditions.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Quickly Identify Szechuan Pepper

Vase-shaped deciduous shrub with a broad, flat-topped crown reaching 10-15 feet (3-4.5 meters).

Compound leaves with 7-11 lanceolate leaflets, emitting a fragrant aroma when crushed.

Dark red berries within fragrant, split-open spheres measuring around 0.2 inches (5mm).

Distinctive trunk with smooth bark, broad spines, and aromatic qualities typical of Rutaceae family.

Dioecious plant requiring both male and female specimens for fruit production in mid-summer.

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Care Guide for Szechuan Pepper

Every 3 weeks

Water

Full sun

Sunlight

10 - 35 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Water: Szechuan Pepper thrives in environments resembling its native habitat, characterized by periodic rainfall and dry spells. It is drought-tolerant, requiring watering once every three weeks while allowing the soil to dry out. This species is resilient to seasonal moisture fluctuations in temperate regions.

Fertilize: Fertilize szechuan Pepper in spring with a balanced fertilizer, using high-nitrogen feed pre-flowering. Apply quarterly, adjusting dosages for growth stages. Avoid over-fertilization to prevent leaf burn. Utilize slow-release granules or diluted liquid fertilizers, and consider soil testing for specific nutrient needs.

Pruning: Szechuan Pepper is a thorny shrub with aromatic leaves and seed pods. Prune in early spring to remove damaged wood, improve airflow, and enhance growth. Focus on thinning and shaping for a better yield of aromatic seeds, making cuts above outward-facing buds for strength and aesthetics.

Propagation: Szechuan Pepper is primarily propagated by fresh seeds, which germinate better after overnight soaking. Seeds should be planted at a depth twice their size in well-draining soil. Consistent moisture is key, as germination can be slow. Semi-hardwood cuttings may also be used with rooting hormone.

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