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How to Pollinate Wild celery
(Apium graveolens)
Wild celery, also known as Celery
Wild celery utilises vibrant bee-friendly blooms as alluring billboards, inviting buzzing pollinators for a visit. The plant relies primarily on bees for its cross-pollination, skillfully incorporating their visitations into its reproductive mechanism. Precision-timed to the bees' daily foraging patterns, the plant unveils its pollen-rich stamens, a feast for the bees and a testament to wild celery's strategic pollination cycle.
pollination

Which Pollinators are Suitable for Wild Celery?

Bloom Time
Summer, Fall
Primary pollinators
Bees
Potential pollinators
Beetles, Flies

How Does Pollination Occur in Wild Celery?

Wild celery's flowers are small, white, and arranged in dense compound umbels. These umbels, a type of inflorescence, aggregate several smaller flowers and significantly increase the visibility to pollinators.

Wild celery mainly relies on cross-pollination, which occurs when bees or other insects transfer the pollen from one plant to another. However, self-pollination can also occur under certain conditions.
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How Can You Enhance the Pollination of Wild Celery?

Plant Diversity
Increase the diversity of flowering plants in the garden or farming area. This can help to attract a wide range of pollinators like bees, beetles, and flies. Ensure the plant selection includes those with different colors and smells, as these are attractive to various pollinators.
Water Source
Provide a fresh water source nearby for the pollinators. Bees, beetles, and flies all need water to survive. You can create a water station by filling a shallow container with rocks and water, which allows for safe drinking zones to attract and support these pollinators.
Pesticides
Avoid or reduce pesticide use. Pesticides can kill or deter the mentioned pollinators. Integrated pest management strategies, using organic pesticides sparingly, and spraying them during times when pollinators are least active (like at night) can be helpful.
Bee Hotels
Install bee hotels or habitats in your garden or farm. Bees need a place to rest, especially if they’re travelling lengthy distances during foraging. Providing a shelter or rest stop can encourage their presence and consequent pollination activities.

How Can You Determine if Wild Celery has Been Pollinated?

Flower Development
In wild celery, successful pollination is indicated by the healthy development of yellow or white inconspicuous flowers clustered in inflorescences.
Seed Formation
Following the flowering stage, wild celery produces small fruits containing seeds, which also suggests successful pollination.
Leaf Growth
After pollination, wild celery's leaves become more vibrant and grow more vigorously, indicating good health due to likely successful pollination.

Understanding Hand-Pollination in Wild Celery

Difficulty
Normal
Duration
30 - 60 mins

What Tools are Necessary for Hand-Pollinating Wild Celery?

Small Brush
A soft brush will be used to carry pollen from the male flower part (anther) to the female flower part (stigma).
Tweezers
Used for more precise manipulation and pollen transfer.
Magnification Glass
To assist in effective identification and manipulation during pollen transfer.

What is the Optimal Time for Hand-Pollinating Wild Celery?

Wild celery's flowers typically bloom early in the growing season. The best time to hand pollinate is in the morning, as the flowers will be open and the pollen is most viable.

Steps to Hand-Pollinate Wild Celery

Step1: Preparation
Prepare the tools needed for pollination. This includes a small brush, some tweezers, and a magnification glass if needed. Ensure everything is clean to avoid contamination.
Step2: Gathering Pollen
Use the small brush or tweezers to gather pollen from the anther of the flower. The pollen is a yellow dust.
Step3: Transferring Pollen
Carefully transfer the collected pollen by brushing it onto the stigma of the same or different plant. Ensure that pollen is coming off the brush and onto the stigma.
Step4: Repetition
Repeat in several flowers to maximize the chances of successful pollination. Do not use the same brush without cleaning for different plants to prevent cross-pollination.
Step5: Monitoring
Monitor the plants for signs of successful pollination. This could be the development of the plant's natural fruit or seed after a few weeks of performing hand pollination.

Why Aren't There Fruits on Wild Celery Despite the Presence of Flowers?

Lack of Pollinators
If wild celery is not successfully pollinating, encourage natural pollinators' visits via bright flowers, feeders, or by reducing chemical use.
Too Much/Too Little Water
Wild celery requires moist, well-drained soil for optimal growth and pollination. Check the water levels to ensure they are not too low or too high.
Unfavorable Temperature
Wild celery prefers cool to moderate temperatures. Extreme temperatures might hinder pollination, so ensure the plant is growing in its optimal temperature range.
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