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Copperleaf
Also known as: Beefsteak plant, Wilkes' acalypha
Copperleaf (Acalypha wilkesiana) is an evergreen shrub native to the Pacific Islands. Copperleaf is a popular outdoor plant used for ornamental cultivation due to its brightly colored leaves. It is particularly popular in Florida in the United States.
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Toxic to Humans
Toxicity
Perennial
Lifespan
Shrub
Plant Type
Summer, Fall
Bloom Time
Late spring
Harvest Time
60 cm to 5 m
Plant Height
1.8 m to 3 m
Spread
Green, Yellow, White, Red, Variegated, Purple, Bronze
Leaf Color
2.5 cm
Flower Size
Brown
Fruit Color
Green, Red, Yellow
Flower Color
Green, White, Yellow, Pink, Red, Brown
Stem Color
Non-dormant
Dormancy

Images of Copperleaf

Distribution of Copperleaf

Distribution Map
Although the copperleaf has been introduced to regions such as Asia, Africa, and the Americas, it was originally native to Fiji and the Solomon Islands. It is not known to be invasive. Occurring in tropical and subtropical rainforests, the copperleaf has been used as a border, accent, and hedge plant.
Native
Cultivated
Invasive
Introduced
No species reported
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Habitat
Tropical and subtropical rainforest, dry rainforest, vine thickets
Hemisphere Trend Curve

Culture

Garden Use
Copperleaf is a popular perennial shrub prized for its bright-colored leaves. It is commonly used as a focal point in the garden or as a colorful hedge when allowed to grow and spread. Plant it with coleus, vinca, and other varieties of the genus for color and texture.
Symbolism
Continuity
Interesting Facts
Reportedly, Acalypha wilkesiana has antifungal properties and has been used to treat fungal diseases. Several studies suggest that compounds found in Acalypha wilkesiana have certain activities against fungi and bacteria. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of copperleaf.
Name Story
Copperleaf: The plant is grown for its long, taillike pendent flower spikes that are rust-red in color. Therefore, it is called copperleaf.
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Toxicity

Copperleaf causes harmful reactions on ingestion or contact. Symptoms include diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, dermatitis, and irritation. Children might unknowingly consume it from ornamental gardens. Copperleaf is mildly toxic to cats and dogs, causing gastrointestinal upset, vomiting, and diarrhea. Immediate veterinary care is crucial if pets show signs of poisoning from copperleaf. All parts of the plant are toxic.
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Quickly Identify Copperleaf

1
Heart-shaped leaves with variegated colors: greens, purples, yellows, oranges, coppers, crimsons, pinks, and whites.
2
Distinct mottling on leaves resembling nettles, 4 to 8 inches (10 to 20 cm) long.
3
8-inch (20 cm) slender flower spikes, green or red, with separate male and female flowers.
4
Male spikes dangle elegantly, female spikes remain compact, showcasing unique flower structure.
5
Capsules with hardened exteriors, brown to near-black coloration, containing hard seeds, under 0.5 inches (about 1.3 cm) across.
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Care Guide for Copperleaf

Every 1-2 weeks
Water
Full sun
Sunlight
20 - 41 ℃
Ideal Temperature
Potting Mix, Garden Soil
Soil Type
Water: Originating from Fiji, copperleaf thrives in tropical environments with consistent moisture and moderate drought tolerance. Watering should occur every 1-2 weeks to keep soil evenly moist. Regular misting is beneficial to replicate its native humidity, enhancing its vibrant evergreen foliage indoors.
Fertilize: Copperleaf requires high nitrogen fertilizers monthly during growing seasons for optimal growth. Use a balanced, slow-release formula at recommended doses. Reduce fertilization in winter, water before application, and practice safe gardening by wearing gloves and washing hands afterward.
Pruning: Copperleaf is an ornamental plant with vibrant foliage. Prune in early to late winter during its dormant phase to promote healthy regrowth and reduce stress. Remove dead stems and shape the plant for better airflow and sunlight, using clean, sharp tools to prevent infections.
Propagation: The ideal propagation season for copperleaf is spring and summer, using cuttings with moderate difficulty. Success is indicated by new leaf growth. Ensure cuttings are taken from a healthy, well-hydrated parent plant for optimal results.
Repotting: Copperleaf should be repotted every 2-3 years in spring to support its bushy growth. Use a larger pot with drainage holes, and place it in bright, indirect light post-repotting. Water sparingly until settled, then maintain consistent moisture and warmth for optimal health.
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