Japanese camellia - Camellia japonica (Care, Characteristics, Flower, Images)

Japanese camellia

Also known as: Rose of winter

The japanese camellia is a small tree or shrub with glossy green leaves and showy white, pink or red flowers. Native to Japan, it has since spread around the world and is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant, even becoming the official state flower of the U.S. state of Alabama. In China, it is considered a symbol of good luck and is a staple of many New Year's celebrations.

Scientific classification

Species

Japanese camellia (Camellia japonica)

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Perennial

Lifespan

Shrub

Plant Type

Spring, Late winter

Bloom Time

Fall

Harvest Time

1.5 m to 15 m

Plant Height

1.8 m to 3 m

Spread

Green

Leaf Color

3 cm to 10 cm

Flower Size

Brown, Copper

Fruit Color

Red, White, Pink, Cream, Yellow

Flower Color

Green, Brown

Stem Color

Winter dormancy

Dormancy

Evergreen

Leaf type

15 - 35 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Spring, Winter

Growth Season

Slow

Growth Rate

Images of Japanese camellia

Distribution of Japanese camellia

Distribution Map

Japanese camellia is native to east Asia. Although not widely distributed in the wild, it has been introduced in other Asian countries. Japanese camellia prefers to grow in hilly woodland areas at sea level near the coast, and is appreciated as an ornamental for gardens with suitable climates around the world.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Habitat

Woods in hills, coast

Hemisphere Trend Curve

Northern

Sorthern

Flowering

Fruiting

Culture

Economic Value

Oils can be extracted; tree trunks are strong and durable; can be used to make furniture; or can be made into charcoal, to make charcoal carvings and other handicrafts.

Garden Use

Japanese camellia is an evergreen woody tree or shrub commonly found in gardens. It is prized for its rich foliage and long-lasting glorious blooms. It has dense foliage and is often planted as a shade-providing flowering screen. Japanese camellia is often used in Japanese-style or Pollinator gardens. Plant Crocuses, Japanese Spurge, or Tulips for color contrast.

Symbolism

Passion, desire, a courageous death

Interesting Facts

The camellia always blossoms quietly in the courtyard while it is still chilly in early spring. Different from other flowers, the camellia flower will not wither in its entirety. Instead, it will wither carefully and slowly one by one until the end of its life. Is it in this same manner that people pursue their ideal companion? That’s how the flower symbolizes ideal love.

Name Story

Common camellia: The latin name Camellia is evolved from the name of the Moravian botanist, Joseph Kamel ('Camellus'). This plant is the most common species of Camellia, so it is called the common camellia.

Rose of winter: When most of the flowers are still escaping from the cold winter, they have already entered the budding phase. As the flower resembles rose under harsh conditions, it is being known as the rose of winter.

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Cultivars

There are several recognized cultivars of Japanese camellia, including the following common varieties :

Quickly Identify Japanese camellia

Glossy, leathery leaves measuring 2-3 inches (5-7.6 cm) with finely serrated edges.

Prominent, axillary double flowers 3-5 inches (7.6-12.7 cm) in diameter, blooming in late winter to early spring.

Woody capsule fruit around 1 inch (2.54 cm) in length, changing color upon maturity.

Dark brown stem with blackish lenticels, crescent-shaped leaf scars, and coarse texture.

Alternate, simple leaves 2-4 inches (5-10 cm) long, with ovate to elliptic shape and serrated margins.

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Care Guide for Japanese camellia

Every 1-2 weeks

Water

Partial sun

Sunlight

15 - 35 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Water: Originating from Japan's humid forests, japanese camellia thrives in consistent humidity with moderate drought tolerance. Water every 1-2 weeks, keeping soil moist but not waterlogged. Grown as an ornamental outdoor shrub in temperate climates, japanese camellia also adapts well to container living to prevent root rot.

Fertilize: Fertilize japanese camellia with balanced nutrients during spring and mid-summer. Use a diluted solution monthly while actively growing, and stop in fall and winter. Water japanese camellia before applying fertilizers to prevent root burn, as over-fertilizing can harm the plant's health.

Pruning: Japanese camellia features glossy leaves and bright blooms, requiring careful pruning in late spring, post-flowering. Trim dead or weak branches to enhance air circulation and shape, but avoid heavy cuts to reduce stress. Proper timing and gentle techniques lead to healthier growth and improved blooms in future seasons.

Propagation: To propagate japanese camellia successfully, use healthy semi-hardwood cuttings, making clean cuts below leaf nodes. Apply rooting hormone and plant in well-draining soil. Maintain high humidity and indirect light; regular misting enhances conditions for rooting.

Repotting: Repot japanese camellia every 2-3 years in spring, using a larger, well-draining container with acidic soil. After repotting, place japanese camellia in indirect light, keep the soil moist, and refrain from fertilizing for a month to support recovery.

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Images of Japanese camellia

Distribution of Japanese camellia

Culture

Cultivars

Quickly Identify Japanese camellia

Care Guide for Japanese camellia

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