Annual caraway (Carum carvi)

Annual caraway

The annual caraway is widely cultivated around the world, but is native to Western Asia, Europe, and North Africa. An essential oil can be extracted from the plant, and its seeds can be crushed for use as a spice. Extracts are used as preservatives in various food products as well. However, the leaves of this plant may cause vomiting or diarrhea if consumed, and it is listed as toxic to cats, dogs, and horses.

Scientific classification

Species

Annual caraway (Carum carvi)

Carrots, ivies and allies

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Toxic to Pets

Toxicity

Biennial, Perennial, Annual

Lifespan

Herb

Plant Type

Late spring, Summer, Early fall

Bloom Time

30 cm to 70 cm

Plant Height

30 cm

Spread

Green

Leaf Color

3 mm to 5 mm

Flower Size

Brown

Fruit Color

White

Flower Color

Green, White

Stem Color

Images of Annual caraway

Distribution of Annual caraway

Distribution Map

Annual caraway, or Carum carvi, is naturally endemic to a wide expanse across Europe and Asia, enveloping regions from the Mediterranean to Central Asia, as well as parts of the Northern Hemisphere's temperate zones. Additionally, annual caraway has been introduced across multiple other regions, primarily within the circumscribed confines of Eurasia and Africa, taking root and growing beyond its native zones.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Habitat

Moist meadows, arable land, waste places

Hemisphere Trend Curve

Northern

Sorthern

Culture

Garden Use

Consider growing annual caraway in your vegetable or herb garden for its edible leaves to flavor stews, soups, and salads. This plant can also be helpful in the garden because its deep roots break up compacted soil, and the flowers attract beneficial insects that eat aphids.

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Toxicity

Annual caraway plant leaves are mildly toxic to humans causing vomiting and diarrhea upon ingestion. Cats and dogs are also at risk if they ingest parts of the plant, particularly due to carvone and limonene, leading to vomiting, diarrhea, and drooling in cats, and digestive upset in dogs. Handling the plant is safe as it doesn’t release allergens.

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Quickly Identify Annual caraway

Delicate, feathery foliage resembling carrot leaves, finely divided and feather-like.

Flowering stem reaching up to 30 inches (76 cm) with small white or pinkish flowers.

Crescent-shaped seeds around 0.2 inches (5 mm) in length with elongate, tapering roots.

Clusters of 8 to 15 small, symmetrical flowers on stems 8 to 12 inches (20 to 30 cm) tall.

Distinct brown, crescent-shaped seeds measuring approximately 1/16 of an inch (1.6 mm).

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Care Guide for Annual caraway

Every week

Water

Full sun

Sunlight

20 - 35 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Garden Soil

Soil Type

Water: Annual caraway thrives in temperate climates and prefers consistent moisture without flooding. Watering weekly meets its hydration needs, crucial for robust foliage and seed development during the growing season. Proper care helps prevent drought stress and root rot, vital for its health.

Fertilize: For optimal growth, annual caraway requires high-phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, applied monthly at half-strength during the growing season. Avoid over-fertilization to prevent root burn, and water annual caraway before fertilizing to enhance nutrient absorption. Adjust fertilization frequency as annual caraway matures for productive yields.

Pruning: Pruning annual caraway in early to late spring encourages bushier growth and improves air circulation. Focus on maintaining shape by trimming damaged stems; light trims are sufficient. Regular pruning prevents mildew and enhances its aromatic and ornamental qualities. Consult horticultural guides for detailed care.

Propagation: Annual caraway reproduces via sowing in well-draining soil, requiring light for germination. Maintain even moisture without over-saturation and thin seedlings early for robust growth. Attention to these needs will enhance your gardening experience and promote flourishing plants.

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