Downy thorn-apple is native to regions of Central and South America, thriving in a warm climate. This plant has spread across several continents, establishing a presence in areas of Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Pacific. While downy thorn-apple has adapted to new territories, in some regions such as Eastern Africa and parts of Asia, it is sometimes thought to be invasive and may have an impact on ecosystems.

Downy thorn-apple is highly toxic due to alkaloids atropine and scopolamine in all parts of the plant. Ingestion can cause severe anticholinergic symptoms such as delirium, seizures, and respiratory dysfunction. Dogs and cats are at significant risk, showing symptoms like vomiting, dilated pupils, and weakness. Immediate veterinary care is vital if consumption occurs to prevent severe outcomes or fatality.

In warmer climates, the downy thorn-apple is an invasive perennial. In colder zones, it’s an annual that can be controlled. It is native to East Africa and is naturalized in Taiwan. It is not currently a problem in the United States, but it would become invasive if it were introduced. The reason for this is that the plant will quickly establish itself and spread rapidly. It is cultivated in gardens, but care must be taken to prevent it from overtaking other plants. The weed poses another threat: it is highly toxic to humans and animals. There are not any current bans on the sale, transport, or cultivation of the plant, but it is generally not encouraged.

Removal of downy thorn-apple is particularly effective during the growing season, ideally in early spring. This timing prevents the plant from reaching a state of flowering or seeding where it can propagate further.