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Spotted spurge
Also known as: Spotted sandmat, Milk purslane
Spotted spurge (Euphorbia maculata) is a low-growing summer annual that is commonly considered a weed. Spotted spurge grows in almost any open area. The stems of this species secrete a milky sap that can irritate the skin and is toxic to sheep. Spotted spurge can be controlled by digging up the plant and its roots and mulching the area to prevent regrowth. It is naturally killed by frost.
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Toxic to Humans
Toxicity
Weeds
Weed or not
Annual
Lifespan
Herb
Plant Type
Summer, Fall
Bloom Time
Summer, Fall
Harvest Time
30 cm
Plant Height
15 cm to 45 cm
Spread
Green, Red, Purple
Leaf Color
2.5 cm
Flower Size
Brown, Black, Copper
Fruit Color
White, Pink, Green
Flower Color
Red, Brown, Pink, Burgundy
Stem Color
Winter dormancy
Dormancy
Deciduous
Leaf type
20 - 35 ℃
Ideal Temperature
Summer, Fall
Growth Season
Rapid
Growth Rate

Images of Spotted spurge

Distribution of Spotted spurge

Distribution Map
Spotted spurge is a plant with a native range in the subtropical regions of North America. It has since become widely naturalized, spreading to various continents including Europe, Asia, Africa, South America, and Oceania. 'spotted spurge' thrives in diverse climates, establishing itself in major regions across these continents.
Native
Cultivated
Invasive
Introduced
No species reported
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Habitat
Garden, lawn
Hemisphere Trend Curve

Culture

Symbolism
Purity, protection and wisdom
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Toxicity

Poisoning from spotted spurge affects dogs, cats, and people through ingestion or skin contact, causing nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and dermatitis. Immediate veterinary care is crucial for pets. Spotted spurge can be found in various environments such as sidewalks, roadsides, gardens, and woodlands.
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RELATED: Toxicity of Spotted spurge

Weed Control

Spotted spurge grows as a weed in eastern North America, the western United States, and south to Mexico. It is usually considered a weed in gardens and agricultural areas and grows in woods, pastures, lawns, and sidewalk cracks. This species does not appear on any state or national invasive species lists, but it is considered a troublesome crop weed in most southern states. Spotted spurge can overgrow and smother desirable plants and secretes a milky sap that is a skin irritant to people and highly toxic to sheep. Prevent garden germination by mulching, hand pulling plants (preferably before they produce seed), or using of a pre-emergence herbicide.
How to Control It
The best season for the removal of spotted spurge is during the spring or summer. It's crucial to remove this weed before it reaches maturity and begins producing seeds. Here are five organic or possibly interesting methods for weed control:
  1. Hand-pulling: This is the simplest method. Wear gloves and ensure you remove the entire plant - decomposed weed seeds can re-grow!
  2. Mulching: Spread a 2-3 inch layer of organic mulch like wood chips, straw, or grass clippings around the plants in your garden. This will prevent spotted spurge from getting the sun exposure it needs to grow.
  3. Vinegar sprays: Spray a strong vinegar solution directly onto spotted spurge. This method works best on a hot, sunny day. Be careful not to spray any plants you want to keep, as vinegar can kill them as well.
  4. Corn Gluten Meal: Sprinkle corn gluten meal on the area where spotted spurge usually grows in early spring. This natural pre-emergent will discourage spotted spurge from germinating.
  5. Boiling water: This is a suitable method for spotted spurge growing in cracks on your driveway or walkway. Pour a kettle of boiling water directly onto the weed, which will cause it to wilt and die.
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Quickly Identify Spotted spurge

1
Oppositely arranged elongated leaves with maroon blemish.
2
Milky sap produced by injured stems.
3
Robust taproot reaching up to 2 feet (60 cm) deep.
4
Inconspicuous greenish-white flowers with subtle pink tinge.
5
Small, dark green leaves with prominent dark spot and teeth.
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Care Guide for Spotted spurge

Every week
Water
Full sun
Sunlight
20 - 35 ℃
Ideal Temperature
Water: Spotted spurge is a drought-tolerant plant suited for arid regions, requiring weekly watering to thrive. It flourishes in full sun and efficiently conserves water during hot summers, making it an ideal choice for gardeners in dry climates.
Fertilize: Spotted spurge requires minimal fertilizer for growth. It can thrive in poor, well-drained soils. Fertilizer should only be applied when lower leaves yellow, indicating nutrient deficiency. At this point, use half-strength liquid fertilizer, which supports the plant for several months.
Propagation: Spotted spurge thrives when propagated in Spring using sowing methods. The process is straightforward, with the appearance of seedlings indicating success. No specialized tips are required for effective propagation.
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