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Eyebane
Eyebane is a weedy annual also known as nodding spurge or Euphorbia nutans. It grows small clusters of cup-shaped white flowers. Like all other species of euphorbia, this plant has a sap that is toxic.
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15 cm to 76 cm
Plant Height
30 cm
Spread
Green, Blue
Leaf Color
2.5 cm
Flower Size
White, Pink, Green
Flower Color
Red, Burgundy
Stem Color
Semi-evergreen
Leaf type
20 - 41 ℃
Ideal Temperature
Summer, Fall
Growth Season

Images of Eyebane

Distribution of Eyebane

Distribution Map
Eyebane is native to parts of Central and South America. It has since spread to assorted regions across Europe, Asia, North Africa, and Oceania. The plant thrives in various climates and has been introduced to the Mediterranean area, along with temperate and tropical locales on multiple continents.
Native
Cultivated
Invasive
Introduced
No species reported
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Habitat
Blackland, clay, and gravel prairies, thickets, sunny spots in woodlands, fields and pastures, roadsides, lawns and gardens, and waste areas
Hemisphere Trend Curve

Toxicity

Eyebane poses a moderate toxicity risk to humans, cats, and dogs due to diterpene esters in its sap. Contact with or ingestion of the sap can cause skin irritation, gastrointestinal issues, and more severe symptoms. Immediate medical or veterinary care is advised if exposure occurs.
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Weed Control

Eyebane originates from North America. Known as a weed, it is infamous for its invasive nature, particularly in agronomic crops and gardens. This weed possesses the capacity to reproduce rapidly and grow abundantly, making it a threat to other plants. It can produce up to 3,000 seeds per plant, which significantly contributes to its invasive trait. Eyebane can cause harm by depleting soil nutrients that are necessary for other plants, hampering their growth and threatening biodiversity. This plant predominantly spreads through its prolific seed production, where the seeds are dispersed by wind, water, or through human activities such as gardening and farming. Eyebane can also resprout from broken taproots, making it difficult to control and eradicate. The plant's aggressive growth and adaptability to various conditions underscore its weedy nature.
How to Control It
The best season for the removal of eyebane is during the early summer or late spring. The weed should ideally be removed before it has fully flowered, as this is when it tends to spread seeds. Here are a few methods for controlling or removing this weed:
  1. Hand-pulling: The most organic and straightforward method. Dampen the soil around eyebane to make the roots easier to pull out. Ensure to wear gloves to prevent any skin irritation from the plant's sap.
  2. Smothering: Place layers of cardboard, newspaper, or landscape fabric over the area where eyebane is growing. This method will block sunlight and prevent the weed from growing.
  3. Vinegar spray: Mix a solution of 10% vinegar and 90% water. Spray the mixture directly onto eyebane, ensuring the entire plant is covered. Be careful not to overspray onto non-target plants as it can potentially harm them.
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Quickly Identify Eyebane

1
Distinct red stem contrasts with green leaves.
2
Green leaves with red veins underneath.
3
Tiny greenish-white flowers in clustered arrangement.
4
Leaves transition from hairy to smooth in texture.
5
Sprawling growth habit with relaxed, nodding posture.
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Care Guide for Eyebane

Every week
Water
Full sun
Sunlight
20 - 41 ℃
Ideal Temperature
Water: Originating from moist environments, eyebane thrives with consistent hydration, requiring weekly watering to avoid oversaturation. It flourishes best outdoors, where natural rainfall supports its growth cycles in line with its native climate's seasonal changes.
Fertilize: Eyebane requires minimal fertilizer for growth, thriving in well-drained poor soils. Fertilizer is only needed upon lower leaf yellowing, indicating nutrient deficiency. At this stage, applying half-strength liquid fertilizer will sustain the plant for several months.
Propagation: Eyebane is mainly propagated through cuttings, as seeds are hard to germinate. Wear gloves when handling cuttings, and allow them to dry for 2-3 days before planting in a soilless medium. Misting and occasional air exposure are crucial to prevent mold and rot during rooting.
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