Purpletop vervain - Verbena bonariensis (Care, Characteristics, Flower, Images)

Purpletop vervain

Also known as: Tall vervain, South american vervain

Purpletop vervain (Verbena bonariensis) is a flowering plant native to South America. In autumn, purpletop vervain loses its leaves. The lavender flowers on this species have a sweet scent.

Scientific classification

Species

Purpletop vervain (Verbena bonariensis)

Mints plantains olives and allies

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Perennial, Annual, Biennial

Lifespan

Herb

Plant Type

Summer, Fall

Bloom Time

Summer, Early fall, Mid fall

Harvest Time

1.8 m

Plant Height

90 cm

Spread

Green

Leaf Color

5 mm to 6 mm

Flower Size

Brown, Copper

Fruit Color

Purple, Violet

Flower Color

Green, Red, Purple

Stem Color

Winter dormancy

Dormancy

Images of Purpletop vervain

Distribution of Purpletop vervain

Distribution Map

Purpletop vervain is native to most of South America and has been introduced across the globe as an ornamental plant, including in the US. Its native habitat includes damp grasslands and stream or river banks. It has escaped cultivation and become invasive in the US, particularly in livestock pastures.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Habitat

Garden

Hemisphere Trend Curve

Northern

Sorthern

Flowering

Fruiting

Culture

Economic Value

Purpletop vervain is a good nectariferous plant, from which nectar can be extracted.

Garden Use

Purpletop vervain is commonly used in the landscape layouts of botanical gardens and farms. It is important for its ability to grow easily and without much trouble. It is prized for its height, which allows its attractive blooms to grow overtop nearby plants and draw the eye. It makes a good fit for desert gardens and meadow gardens. It is often planted with perennial pastel flowers, whose softer appearance sets off its more vivid colors.

Symbolism

Justice, expectation, and innocence

Interesting Facts

Purpletop vervain is probably the best plant to imitate lavender, not that it looks like lavender, but it is in line with people's image of lavender. It's not easy to grow lavender in most climates, but it is easier to plant purpletop vervain, and large areas of the purple flower look like a field of lavender.

Name Story

Purpletop vervain: The fragrant lavender to rose-purple flowers sprout in tight clusters on the terminal and axillary stems. The common name, vervaine comes from the Celtic name "ferfain. Therefore, it is called purpletop vervain.

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Cultivars

There are several recognized cultivars of Purpletop vervain, including the following common varieties :

Purpletop vervain 'Lollipop'

Quickly Identify Purpletop vervain

Lance-shaped leaves with jagged edges form a textured rosette.

Clusters of small purple blooms, each about 0.25 inches (0.63 cm) long.

Salver-shaped flowers in dense clusters, creating vibrant color display.

Small, brown seed capsules, around 1/8 inch (3 mm) in diameter.

Thin, upright stems with red-ridged angles and square cross-section.

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Care Guide for Purpletop vervain

Twice per week

Water

Full sun

Sunlight

20 - 38 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Garden Soil

Soil Type

Water: Purpletop vervain thrives in tropical climates, favoring regular rainfall and high humidity. It prefers consistent moisture without waterlogging and shows moderate drought tolerance once established. Water twice a week to maintain optimal hydration, making it suitable for rain gardens or regularly watered areas.

Fertilize: For optimal growth and blooms of purpletop vervain, apply a balanced fertilizer high in phosphorus at the start of the growing season, followed by monthly applications. Ensure proper soil integration and adjust quantities as the season progresses, as over-fertilization can damage purpletop vervain.

Pruning: Purpletop vervain features a tall structure with clusters of tiny purple flowers. Annual pruning in early to late spring promotes vigorous growth. Cutting back old stems and removing spent flowers encourages continuous blooming, enhances air circulation, and prevents legginess for a healthier appearance.

Propagation: Purpletop vervain is a tall perennial that can be easily propagated using semi-ripe cuttings taken from healthy stems. Dip cuttings in rooting hormone and plant them in well-draining soil, ensuring moisture and adequate light for root development.

Repotting: Repot purpletop vervain every 2-3 years in early spring to support its upright growth. Use a medium-sized pot with well-draining soil and water regularly post-repotting to ensure recovery, allowing purpletop vervain to thrive and produce lavender blooms.

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Images of Purpletop vervain

Distribution of Purpletop vervain

Culture

Cultivars

Quickly Identify Purpletop vervain

Care Guide for Purpletop vervain

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Common Pests & Diseases