African basil - Ocimum gratissimum (Care, Characteristics, Flower, Images)

African basil

Also known as: Clove basil, Tea bush

African basil (Ocimum gratissimum) has an accurate name since it is a member of the basil family native to Africa, although you'll now find it in many tropical and subtropical climates as an introduced species. This aromatic herb is used in cooking to flavor foods. It is also grown commercially because it's widely used as an essential oil.

Scientific classification

Species

African basil (Ocimum gratissimum)

Mints plantains olives and allies

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Perennial, Annual

Lifespan

Herb, Shrub

Plant Type

Summer

Bloom Time

Early fall

Harvest Time

1 m to 3 m

Plant Height

50 cm to 1 m

Spread

20 - 38 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Images of African basil

Distribution of African basil

Distribution Map

African basil is a plant with a broad native range that spans major regions across Asia and Africa. It has been introduced to areas within South America, Central America, and the Caribbean, finding niches in some Pacific islands as well. Cultivated variably across these regions, african basil is sometimes thought to be naturalized outside its indigenous territories. In certain areas where it is not native, african basil may have an impact on local ecosystems, although its introduction does not consistently disrupt them. This plant's cultivation is testament to its adaptability in differing climates and environments.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Habitat

Disturbed sites, Waste areas, Pastures, Roadsides

Hemisphere Trend Curve

Northern

Sorthern

Toxicity

African basil is mildly toxic to humans, cats, and dogs. Consumption of any part of the plant can cause symptoms such as gastrointestinal upset, vomiting, and diarrhea. It's crucial to monitor pets and prevent access to african basil. Immediate veterinary care is recommended if ingestion occurs.

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Care Guide for African basil

Every week

Water

Full sun

Sunlight

20 - 38 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Garden Soil

Soil Type

Water: African basil thrives in tropical climates, preferring consistent moisture and tolerating brief droughts. Water weekly, ensuring outdoor placement for sunlight and air circulation to prevent root rot. As an evergreen, african basil retains water, maintaining its foliage throughout the year.

Fertilize: To enhance african basil's growth and flowering, use a high-phosphorus fertilizer bimonthly during the growing season. Start with a quarter-strength solution, increasing to half-strength. Reduce fertilization in dormant periods and lightly water the soil before application to prevent root burn and improve nutrient uptake.

Pruning: African basil flourishes with regular pruning, ideally in early spring to late winter. Trim up to one-third, focusing on damaged or overcrowded branches to improve air circulation and light penetration. Proper pruning enhances both health and aromatic qualities. Consult horticultural sources for climate-specific guidance.

Propagation: African basil is an aromatic herb that is easily propagated through cuttings. Select a healthy non-flowering shoot, cut below a node, and remove lower leaves. Plant in well-drained soil with adequate humidity and warmth. Moisture is key for quick rooting; rooting hormone is optional.

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Images of African basil

Distribution of African basil

Toxicity

Care Guide for African basil

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