Hard shield fern (Polystichum aculeatum)

Hard shield fern

Also known as: Prickly fern

The shuttlecock shape and fine filigree of hard shield fern's leaves make it unique. They are two reasons why the plant has become a popular ornamental. "Aculeatum" within the plant's Latin name translates to "bristly," referring to this distinct characteristic.

Scientific classification

Species

Hard shield fern (Polystichum aculeatum)

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Perennial

Lifespan

Fern

Plant Type

Green

Leaf Color

Green

Stem Color

Evergreen

Leaf type

5 - 32 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Images of Hard shield fern

Distribution of Hard shield fern

Distribution Map

Hard shield fern is native to temperate and subtropical regions across Europe and Asia. Its natural range extends through the mountainous areas of central and southern Europe, reaching across the Mediterranean, and spans eastward towards the temperate regions of Asia. Hard shield fern is cultivated beyond its native regions and has established itself in various parts of the world suitable for its growth.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Habitat

Forests

Care Guide for Hard shield fern

Twice per week

Water

Partial sun

Sunlight

5 - 32 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Water: Hard shield fern thrives in moist, temperate forest undergrowth, requiring evenly moist soil. Water twice a week to maintain lush foliage. For indoor growth, higher humidity is beneficial. In container gardening, use a well-draining potting mix that retains moisture to suit its natural preferences.

Fertilize: Use high-nitrogen fertilizers for hard shield fern to promote healthy growth. Apply quarterly during spring and summer, adjusting for dormancy. Avoid over-fertilization and ensure even distribution while watering afterward. Wear gloves and follow label instructions for optimal results without damaging hard shield fern by contact.

Pruning: Hard shield fern features evergreen fronds and low light tolerance. Prune in early spring to remove dead fronds, promoting healthy growth. Limit trimming to avoid stress, and always use clean tools to reduce infection risk. Regular pruning supports vigor and prevents overcrowding.

Propagation: Hard shield fern is best propagated by division, separating mature clumps into smaller sections with rhizome and fronds. This method enhances success rates and promotes quick establishment in similar conditions. Timing the division correctly minimizes stress and encourages healthy growth.

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