Bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia)

Bitter vetch

Also known as: Lentil vetch, Bitter black vetch

Bitter vetch is an ancient grain that is still fed to ruminant cattle and sheep today. Bitter vetch grows on disturbed ground; however, it is widely admired for its easy cultivation and harvesting and ability to grow in the shallowest of soils, making it a staple crop in Turkey, Spain, and Morocco.

Scientific classification

Species

Bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia)

Legumes, milkworts and allies

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Annual

Lifespan

Herb, Vine

Plant Type

Spring, Summer

Bloom Time

White, Purple

Flower Color

Semi-evergreen

Leaf type

20 - 35 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Images of Bitter vetch

Distribution of Bitter vetch

Distribution Map

Bitter vetch is native to the Mediterranean basin and parts of the Middle East. It has been introduced and naturalized in various other parts of Europe and Africa, as well as in some regions of Asia. This expansion reflects bitter vetch's adaptability to a range of temperate climates, establishing itself beyond its original range.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Care Guide for Bitter vetch

Every week

Water

Full sun

Sunlight

20 - 35 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Water: Originating from the Mediterranean, bitter vetch thrives in moderate winters and dry summers. It prefers well-drained soils and has some drought tolerance. Water weekly to prevent over-saturation. Aligning rain patterns with its growing season is vital for optimal growth and seed development.

Fertilize: To maintain optimal health, bitter vetch should be fertilized bi-monthly with a balanced NPK fertilizer during active growth, reducing nitrogen in the dormant season. Water after fertilization to aid nutrient absorption, and monitor for over-fertilization signs like leaf burn.

Pruning: Bitter vetch is a hardy, nitrogen-fixing legume that improves soil and serves as animal fodder. Prune in early to late spring to boost growth, remove dead stems, and improve air circulation. This practice minimizes disease risk and promotes a dense, productive plant.

Propagation: Bitter vetch is ideal for temperate regions and propagated by sowing. Seeds need scarification for better germination. Direct sowing in well-drained soil with sufficient sunlight is crucial. Maintain spacing, regular watering, pest monitoring, and soil fertility to promote healthy growth and yield.

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Learn More About Bitter vetch

Sunlight Requirements

How to Transplant

How to Prune

How to Grow and Care

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