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Spiny cocklebur
Also known as: Bathurst burr, Clotbur, Spiny cockleburr, Daggerweed, Thorny burweed
Spiny cocklebur (Xanthium spinosum) is largely considered a highly invasive weed that is found throughout the world. It produces prickly seed pods that become caught on passing animals and are then dispersed over a great distance. The burrs on the seed pods can damage sheep’s wool, making it an expensive weed for some farmers to deal with.
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Annual
Lifespan
Herb
Plant Type
2.5 cm
Flower Size
Yellow, Green, White, Cream
Flower Color
Evergreen
Leaf type
20 - 35 ℃
Ideal Temperature

Images of Spiny cocklebur

Distribution of Spiny cocklebur

Distribution Map
Spiny cocklebur has a widespread distribution. It is native to parts of South America and southern parts of Africa. Beyond its native range, spiny cocklebur has been introduced to diverse regions across Europe, Asia, and North America. In certain areas, particularly Asia and Africa, it is sometimes thought to be an environmental concern as it may have an impact on local ecosystems. This species has adapted to various climates and habitats, reflecting its broad ecological tolerance.
Native
Cultivated
Invasive
Introduced
No species reported
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Habitat
Waste ground
Hemisphere Trend Curve

Weed Control

Spiny cocklebur is considered a noxious weed and invasive species in North America, especially within the western United States. This species is considered invasive because it regularly interferes with wool production as well as agricultural production. It interferes with wool production via its spines, which become tangled in the wool of livestock. It outcompetes agricultural crops, and its spines interfere with hand-picked agricultural harvests. The seeds and seedlings of the spiny cocklebur are poisonous to humans and can result in death if ingested.
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Care Guide for Spiny cocklebur

Every week
Water
Full sun
Sunlight
20 - 35 ℃
Ideal Temperature
Water: Spiny cocklebur, originating from areas with variable moisture, is drought-tolerant and requires weekly watering to simulate natural conditions. It grows outdoors, adapting well to unpredictable rainfall patterns, making it suitable for resilient climates.
Fertilize: Spiny cocklebur benefits from balanced fertilizers spring through fall for optimal growth, applying quarterly with caution. Adjust application based on growth cycles and consider slow-release formulas to prevent over-fertilization. Always wear gloves to protect against thorns during application.
Pruning: Spiny cocklebur features spines and produces burs. Prune before new growth starts in early spring using sharp tools, removing dead branches and thinning crowded areas for better air circulation. Regular pruning controls invasiveness and enhances growth, focusing on cutting back older stems for new shoots.
Propagation: Spiny cocklebur propagates effectively by sowing seeds directly in moist, weed-free soil. Shallow planting enhances germination, while consistent watering is crucial to prevent waterlogging, which can negatively impact seed development.
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