Carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua) is a flowering evergreen shrub native to the Middle East and the Mediterranean. Carob tree is often used in ornamental horticulture in gardens and landscaping practices. This shrub has edible pods that are sometimes toasted, ground into powder, and used as a cooking substitute for chocolate. For commercial purposes, the pods are often cultivated in large orchards.

The milky white flowers of the red spikethorn (Gymnosporia senegalensis) grow at intervals along its red branches. Despite its unpleasant spines, it is an important food source for African animals, with monkeys, rhinos, birds and even larval butterflies depending on its fruit, bark and leaves.

Cape cheesewood is a fascinating plant with interesting qualities. It catches the eye with its stunning green flowers and glossy leaves. Gardeners appreciate this plant for its attractive appearance and the aromatic scent it releases. One interesting fact about cape cheesewood is its economic value, as its wood is commonly used for crafting furniture and other items. Additionally, cape cheesewood is known for attracting various insects and birds, enhancing biodiversity in the garden. Its unique characteristics make cape cheesewood a must-have for nature enthusiasts looking to add beauty and diversity to their outdoor spaces.

The bitterleaf (Gymnanthemum amygdalinum) is a widespread favorite tree in many parts of Africa for multiple reasons. The lumber is naturally termite-proof, making it perfect for use in home construction and as fencing. The wood from the bitterleaf can also create easy-burning charcoal, and their tiny stems are perfect for use as toothpicks or chewsticks.

Prosopis farcta, the Syrian mesquite, is a species of the genus Prosopis, growing in and around the Middle East.

Mediterranean cypress (Cupressus sempervirens) is a medium-sized coniferous evergreen tree that has been cultivated outside its native region as an ornamental tree for millennia. Mediterranean cypress is native to the eastern Mediterranean region. It is cultivated in similar climates to the Meditteranean region, like California, South Africa, and Australia. This species is susceptible to dieback disease. The oldest living mediterranean cypress is estimated to be 4,000 years old and resides in famous ancient gardens in Iran.

Tree fuchsia is a small and attractive subtropical evergreen tree that can be found in mountains, forests, and riverbanks. Its growth is tall and slender in shady conditions and shrub-like in open habitats. Because it is resilient and decorative, it is rising in popularity as an ornamental tree in African gardens. Besides the attractive flowers and foliage, one of tree fuchsia's perks is that it attracts various species of native birds.

Khat is a slow-growing evergreen shrub that was a traditional feature in the cultural beliefs and rituals in East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Khat can tolerate a variety of soil types and is noted for the red hue of its young stems.

Transvaal teak is an ornamental tree that can grow up to a staggering 40 meters in height. It produces high-quality wood for various applications. The flowers of this tree have a sweet aroma. The tree can stand cold temperatures but thrives in a warm and humid environment.

Date palm (*Phoenix dactylifera*) is an evergreen tree with a strong, upright trunk and gracefully arching, feather-like fronds. It is drought tolerant and suitable for escaping. It is fire retardant, has pale yellow blooms, and produces an abundance of edible, orange fruit. This tree can live up to 75 years and grow to 24 m tall.

Rhizophora mucronata is a small to medium size evergreen tree growing to a height of about 20 to 25 metres (66 to 82 ft) on the banks of rivers. On the fringes of the sea 10 or 15 metres (33 or 49 ft) is a more typical height. The tallest trees are closest to the water and shorter trees are further inland. The tree has a large number of aerial stilt roots buttressing the trunk. The leaves are elliptical and usually about 12 centimetres (4.7 in) long and 6 centimetres (2.4 in) wide. They have elongated tips but these often break off. There are corky warts on the pale undersides of the leaves. The flowers develop in axillary clusters on the twigs. Each has a hard cream-coloured calyx with four sepals and four white, hairy petals. The seeds are viviparous and start to develop whilst still attached to the tree. The root begins to elongate and may reach a length of a metre (yard) or more. The propagule then becomes detached from the branch when sufficiently well developed to root in the mud below.

The castor bean is important for its oil which is used as a lubricant, biodiesel ingredient, and rodent repellent, among other applications. The plants are now commercially planted globally, with India producing nearly 75% of the world's castor oil. Castor beans cannot be eaten because they contain a potent poison that's released if the seed is broken.

The camphor bush can reach up to 6 meters in height. The twigs and younger stems are white-felted as are the undersides of the leaves. The upper leaf surface is dark olive-green. Bruised leaves smell strongly of camphor. Tarchonanthus camphoratus is dioecious. Flowers are usually present from winter to spring (in South Africa) with cream colored panicles on a discoid head. Male flowering heads have several flowers whilst the female has only a few. The fruit is a dense and woolly achene.

The typical form of Borassus aethiopum is a solitary palm to 25 metres (82 ft) in height and 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) in diameter at the base. In the river bottoms (floodplains) of many East African rivers (the Rufiji in Tanzania and the Tana in Kenya among others) a closely related form can be up to seven feet (2.1 meters) thick at breast height (4 feet (1.2 meters) above ground) and having the same thickness in its upper ventricosity. It also has a height of up to 100 feet (30.5 meters) The fan-shaped leaves are 3 metres (9.8 ft) wide (larger, to 12 feet (3.66 meters) in the bottomlands form) with petioles 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) long; the margins are armed with spines. In male plants, the small flowers are largely concealed within the scaly catkins; the much larger female flowers reach 2 centimetres (0.79 in) wide and produce yellow to brown fruits. Each fruit contains 1-3 seeds, each enclosed within a woody endocarp. The floodplains variety is almost certainly the most massive of all palms.