Beaked hazelnut (Corylus cornuta)

Beaked hazelnut

Also known as: Beaked hazel, Turkish filbert

Beaked hazelnut is a deciduous shrub that is native to North America. It is an incredibly cold-hardy shrub and able to withstand freezing temperatures in its northernmost habitat. The fruit of the beaked hazelnut (Corylus cornuta) is edible although very small.

Scientific classification

Species

Beaked hazelnut (Corylus cornuta)

Beeches, walnuts, and allied trees

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Shrub

Plant Type

Spring, Early summer

Bloom Time

Summer

Harvest Time

4 m to 8 m

Plant Height

6 m

Spread

Green

Leaf Color

5 mm to 8 mm

Flower Size

Green

Fruit Color

Yellow, White, Green, Brown

Flower Color

Green, Brown

Stem Color

Winter dormancy

Dormancy

Deciduous

Leaf type

Images of Beaked hazelnut

Attributes of Beaked hazelnut

Growth Rate

In Spring and Summer, beaked hazelnut experiences a moderate growth rate. This pace affords steady height increment and steady leaf production, the latter producing its distinctive greenery. In these seasons, beaked hazelnut also begins budding, its distinctive catkin flowers slowly coming into view. The moderate growth rate prevents sudden or excessive growth spurts, contributing to its characteristic compact, multi-stemmed form. Interestingly, the moderate growth speed also influences the plant's ability to produce edible nuts, making beaked hazelnut a horticultural asset during these periods.

Distribution of Beaked hazelnut

Distribution Map

Beaked hazelnut is native to swamps and moist woodlands of North America, where it is cultivated for its edible nuts. Beaked hazelnut is not invasive or a noxious weed.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Habitat

Dry or moist woodland on hills or mountain slopes, thickets, clearings, woodland edges

Hemisphere Trend Curve

Northern

Sorthern

Culture

Garden Use

Beaked hazelnut is sometimes found in a fruit and vegetable garden. It rambles and grows very well in a woodland or naturalized space. It can also be used as a border shrub. Planting it around Douglas fir and Sitka spruce helps keep the trees healthy, so they are often found together.

Symbolism

Reconciliation, Divination, Marriage protection, Poetic Inspiration, Meditation, Knowledge, Wisdom, ancient Sacred Food Tree of Knowledge and Inspiration

Name Story

Beaked hazelnut: The name hazel comes from the Old English name for filbert. The common name refers to the bracteal beak of the fruit, so it is called beaked hazelnut.

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Quickly Identify Beaked hazelnut

Heart-shaped leaves with double-serrated edges, 3-5 inches (7.5-12.7 cm) long.

Fruit with nut encased in hard shell and long, tubular beaked husk.

Male flowers are yellowish drooping catkins, 1-3 inches (2.5-7.6 cm) long.

Distinctive leaf venation pattern with hairs along veins.

Light brown stem, 0.25-0.5 inches (0.6-1.3 cm) in diameter; irregular, zigzag branching.

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Care Guide for Beaked hazelnut

Every 1-2 weeks

Water

Partial sun

Sunlight

5 - 32 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Garden Soil

Soil Type

Water: Beaked hazelnut prefers consistent, well-drained soil moisture and moderate humidity, thriving with watering every 1-2 weeks. As an outdoor plant, it benefits from rainwater during the growing season, which enhances its growth and mimics natural hydration conditions.

Fertilize: Beaked hazelnut thrives with periodic balanced fertilization, starting with a slow-release formula in early spring for root establishment. Monthly high-nitrogen applications during peak growth boost leaf development. Adjust frequency post-summer and apply granules at the drip line, ensuring thorough watering to prevent root burn.

Pruning: Beaked hazelnut produces edible nuts and catkin flowers. Prune in early spring, removing dead wood and thinning branches for better airflow. This promotes nut production and reduces disease risk. Use clean, sharp tools for precise cuts, maintaining the plant's natural form.

Propagation: Propagation of beaked hazelnut is best achieved through cutting and layering, ideally in autumn and winter. Look for fresh growth as a success indicator. Maintaining adequate soil moisture and providing frost protection enhances success rates.

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