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Flax
Also known as: Linseed
Flax (Linum usitatissimum) is a slender straight and narrow-leafed annual that produces sky-blue flowers in summer. After blooming each flower produces a seed pod of 4 to 10 seeds. Flax is cultivated for its fiber linseed oil and edible seeds. It prefers full sun and cool weather and will grow from 61 to 91 cm tall.
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Toxic to Humans
Toxicity
Late spring, Summer
Bloom Time
Late summer, Early fall
Harvest Time
1.2 m
Plant Height
20 cm to 25 cm
Spread
Green
Leaf Color
1.5 cm to 2.5 cm
Flower Size
Brown
Fruit Color
Blue
Flower Color
Green
Stem Color
Winter dormancy
Dormancy
Deciduous
Leaf type

Images of Flax

Distribution of Flax

Distribution Map
Flax is native to the Fertile Crescent region, with its presence in the wider Middle East and parts of Eastern Europe. It has been extensively introduced to multiple continents, including North and South America, Asia, Africa, and Europe, where it thrives in a variety of climates. Flax is also cultivated globally, reflecting its adaptability and importance across diverse regions.
Native
Cultivated
Invasive
Introduced
No species reported
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Habitat
Cultivated Beds
Hemisphere Trend Curve
Flowering
Fruiting

Culture

Garden Use
Flax has been cultivated for centuries for its oil and fiber in flower, herb gardens. The plant is used in commercial applications for its seeds and stems. It is prized for its delicate summer flowers that add a pop of color to gardens. The plant’s easy care also makes it a garden favorite.
Symbolism
Money, Protection, Beauty
Name Story
Common flax: The word flax comes from the Anglo-Saxon word fleax meaning "to plait". As well as the plant is called flax, flax is also referred to as the unspun fibers of the plant. The flax fibers taken from the stem of the plant are two to three times as strong as cotton fibers. Since it is the most common plant in its genus, it is called common flax.
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Toxicity

Flax is a mildly toxic plant containing cyanogenic glycosides. Severe ingestion can cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, convulsions, and death. It is dangerous to cats and dogs, requiring immediate veterinary care if consumed. Gardeners are most at risk for mild skin irritation upon contact with seeds and flowers.
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RELATED: Toxicity of Flax

Quickly Identify Flax

1
Erect annual herb, reaching 12-36 inches (30-90 cm) in height.
2
Pale blue flowers with 5 broad, spreading petals, forming star-like shape.
3
Simple, narrow leaves, 0.79-1.18 inches (2-3 cm) long, smooth-margined.
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Care Guide for Flax

Every week
Water
Full sun
Sunlight
20 - 35 ℃
Ideal Temperature
Garden Soil
Soil Type
Water: Originating from moderate climates, flax thrives with balanced moisture and is moderately drought-tolerant. It prefers weekly watering and benefits from natural rainfall during the growing season, which supports its health and lifecycle.
Fertilize: For optimal growth, flax requires high phosphorus fertilization to support flowering. Use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer every 4-6 weeks during the growing season, reducing frequency in dormancy. Avoid over-fertilization; monitor growth and adjust as needed, watering thoroughly after application.
Pruning: Flax features slender stems and vibrant blue flowers. Prune in early to late spring to encourage dense growth and maximize flowering. Use clean, sharp tools to prevent disease, enhancing overall health and productivity of flax.
Propagation: Flax is ideally propagated by sowing seeds in Spring, with moderate difficulty. Key to success are germination and seedling development, which require adequate moisture and well-draining soil to foster healthy growth.
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