Black mulberry is native to parts of Asia and has been widely introduced to various regions including parts of Europe, the Mediterranean, and others. This species is cultivated and has become naturalized outside its native range, indicating a successful establishment in diverse climates. In its secondary territories, black mulberry may be considered to hold potential to impact local ecosystems, notably in certain South American areas where its invasive status is observed. Despite this, black mulberry is generally maintained within anthropogenic landscapes where it serves horticultural and agricultural purposes without broadly disrupting ecosystems.

Black mulberry causes mild toxicity to humans, cats, and dogs through contact with sap or ingestion of unripe fruits. Symptoms include gastrointestinal upset and skin irritation. Prompt medical attention is essential for anyone showing signs of poisoning.