Black pepper - Piper nigrum (Care, Characteristics, Distribution, Images)

Black pepper

Also known as: Pepper

Black pepper is a climbing vine grown for its fruit, peppercorn, which is often dried and used as a spice and condiment. It is the most traded spice in the world and one of the most commonly used spices in cuisines worldwide. Black peppercorns were discovered inserted in Ramesses II's nostrils as part of his mummification rites immediately after his death.

Scientific classification

Species

Black pepper (Piper nigrum)

Pepper plants, birthworts, and allies

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Perennial

Lifespan

Vine

Plant Type

Summer

Bloom Time

Mid fall, Late fall, Winter, Spring, Early summer

Harvest Time

3 m to 4.5 m

Plant Height

1 m

Spread

Green

Leaf Color

3 cm to 10 cm

Flower Size

Red, Green, Black

Fruit Color

Yellow, Green, White

Flower Color

Images of Black pepper

Distribution of Black pepper

Distribution Map

Black pepper is native to the tropical regions of South Asia. Its cultivation has transcended its natural habitat and now thrives in various tropical locales across continents including Africa, the Americas, and parts of South-East Asia. Significantly, black pepper has been introduced and is widely cultivated in regions known for their humid and hot climates, solidifying its status as a globally recognized plant.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Habitat

Forests

Hemisphere Trend Curve

Northern

Sorthern

Care Guide for Black pepper

Every week

Water

Partial sun

Sunlight

20 - 38 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Garden Soil

Soil Type

Water: Originating from tropical rainforests, black pepper thrives in high humidity and moist soil. It retains water effectively and requires weekly watering to mimic its natural habitat. As an evergreen, consistent watering supports year-round foliage, especially indoors where humidity can be regulated.

Fertilize: To ensure optimal growth of black pepper, apply high nitrogen fertilizers quarterly, adjusting for seasonal changes. Start with a light dose, increasing gradually. Use slow-release granules in soil, avoid foliar contact, and complement with organic compost. Water after fertilization to support absorption and reduce root damage.

Pruning: Black pepper, an evergreen climbing vine, thrives with regular pruning, especially in early spring. Key techniques involve removing overgrown or dead branches to improve airflow and light. This promotes healthy growth, enhances fruit production, manages size, and mitigates disease risks for a productive garden.

Propagation: Black pepper is a tropical perennial climbing vine propagated mainly through stem cuttings in high-humidity settings. Use well-draining, fertile soil and water regularly without waterlogging. Rooting hormone can enhance establishment, and moderate temperatures are essential for optimal growth in warm climates.

Repotting: Repot black pepper every 2-3 years before the growing season. Choose a large, sturdy container and provide indirect sunlight with moderate watering post-repot. Attentive care is essential for optimal growth and recovery.

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