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Birdeye speedwell
Also known as: Common field speedwell, Winter speedwell
Birdeye speedwell (Veronica persica) is a plant species native to Eurasia. It has been introduced all over the world, but is generally considered to be a weed because it can adversely affect soil health. The fruit of the birdeye speedwell is roughly heart-shaped, with two lobes that angle away from each other.
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Weeds
Weed or not
10 cm to 50 cm
Plant Height
10 cm to 30 cm
Spread
Green
Leaf Color
1 cm
Flower Size
Green
Fruit Color
Blue, White, Purple
Flower Color
Red, Brown, Burgundy
Stem Color
Winter dormancy
Dormancy
Deciduous
Leaf type
20 - 35 ℃
Ideal Temperature
Spring, Summer, Winter
Growth Season

Images of Birdeye speedwell

Distribution of Birdeye speedwell

Distribution Map
Birdeye speedwell is native to parts of West Asia and Northern Europe, but has been naturalized across the world. Its natural biome is disturbed soils like farmland and roadside and agricultural areas.
Native
Cultivated
Invasive
Introduced
No species reported
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Habitat
Terrestrial
Hemisphere Trend Curve
Flowering
Fruiting

Culture

Garden Use
The annual birdeye speedwell is a self-spreading plant that works well as ground cover all year long. Its constantly blooming flowers give this plant additional decorative value throughout the seasons as well. You can plant it in wildflower or informal garden beds. This hardy plant can grow in a variety of soils and sunny conditions, and some gardeners consider it weedy.
Symbolism
Fidelity, Womanly Fidelity
Name Story
Birdeye speedwell: This plant produces an attractive blue flower with a white center and the small blue flowers are often regarded as speedwell. The middle part of the flowers seems like a bird's eye which attracts people's attention. Therefore, it is called birdeye speedwell.
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Weed Control

Native to Eurasia, birdeye speedwell is now present in Africa, the Americas, and Oceania. It can now be found throughout most of the United States and Canada and is listed as invasive in Alaska and West Virginia. It is often considered a weed. It acts as an alternative host for a variety of crop pests and pathogens and frequently invades agricultural crops in addition to lawns and gardens. It can be used as groundcover and attracts pollinators. Control of birdeye speedwell can be achieved through encouraging robust native growth, cultivating shading crops, and herbicide. Mechanical control is often ineffective as plants can reroot, but regular spring tillage can offer an effective means of control.
How to Control It
The optimal season for removing birdeye speedwell is during the spring and summer months, when the plant is in its blooming stage, before it has a chance to shed seeds for propagation. The best time of year for removal is indeed before it reaches its seeding state, to prevent any further spread of the weed. Here are some methods you can use for its removal/control:
  1. Hand Pulling: This is one of the easiest methods. Simply grab near the base of birdeye speedwell and pull it out, making sure to remove as much of the root as possible to prevent the plant from regrowing.
  2. Hoeing: Use a garden hoe to cut birdeye speedwell off at ground level. Be careful not to go too deep to avoid stirring up weed seeds in the soil which can lead to more weeds.
  3. Smothering: Cover the area where birdeye speedwell is growing with a layer of cardboard or newspaper and then add a layer of mulch on top. This blocks sunlight and effectively smothers the weed, inhibiting its growth.
  4. Vinegar method: Spray white or apple cider vinegar directly onto birdeye speedwell. This works well by changing the pH level of the plant, which causes it to die.
  5. Boiling Water: Pour boiling water directly on the weed. This is a non-toxic way to eliminate birdeye speedwell, just be careful not to harm nearby beneficial plants.
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Quickly Identify Birdeye speedwell

1
Low-growing, sprawling stems up to 2 feet (60 cm) long
2
Heart-shaped leaves with serrated margins
3
Bright blue to purple flowers with white center, 0.3-0.5 inches (8-13 mm) diameter
4
Small, inconspicuous capsule fruit for seed production
5
Opposite pairs of medium to dark green, oval leaves with serrated margins
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Care Guide for Birdeye speedwell

Every week
Water
Full sun
Sunlight
20 - 35 ℃
Ideal Temperature
Water: Birdeye speedwell thrives in temperate zones, requiring moderate moisture with a preference for weekly watering. It adapts well to various climates but relies on appropriate water levels—too little affects flowering, while excess can cause root problems. Maintain moist soil without waterlogging for optimal health.
Fertilize: Birdeye speedwell needs minimal fertilizer, specifically a 20-10-20 ratio during growth and a 10-30-20 ratio before flowering, applied 10-15 days in advance. Reduce fertilization in early fall, and avoid during recovery periods due to weak nutrient absorption. Excess fertilizer can harm roots and slow growth.
Pruning: Remnant flowers of birdeye speedwell should be removed to enhance appearance and reduce nutrient consumption. Prune on sunny mornings, cutting flowering branches close to the last flower to regulate blooming, typically resuming in 20 days. After winter, prune yellowed parts when ground temperatures exceed 0℃ (32℉) to initiate new growth.
Propagation: Birdeye speedwell propagates easily through spring sowing. Look for sprouting and green growth as signs of success. Maintaining appropriate moisture and soil consistency is crucial for optimal propagation results.
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