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Japanese zelkova
Also known as: Saw-leaf zelkova, Keyaki
This dense shade tree is particularly useful for planting near streets and in parking lots and lawns. It is also popularly used as a bonsai tree. Japanese zelkova is resistant to Dutch elm disease and has therefore been increasingly used in place of American elms.
Scientific classification
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Perennial
Lifespan
Tree
Plant Type
Spring
Bloom Time
Late summer, Fall
Harvest Time
15 m to 30 m
Plant Height
15 m to 24 m
Spread
Green, Orange, Yellow, Red
Leaf Color
2.5 cm
Flower Size
Green
Fruit Color
Green
Flower Color
Green, Brown
Stem Color
Winter dormancy
Dormancy
Deciduous
Leaf type

Images of Japanese zelkova

Distribution of Japanese zelkova

Distribution Map
Japanese zelkova is native to East Asia and Russia. It has been introduced to Czechoslovakia and parts of US, where it is used a good replacement for trees affected by Dutch elm disease. In the wild, it grows in areas with partial sun and well-drained soil. It is considered an invasive plant in Kentucky and New Jersey.
Native
Cultivated
Invasive
Introduced
No species reported
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Habitat
Lowlands, mountains, valleys, beside streams
Hemisphere Trend Curve

Culture

Garden Use
Japanese zelkova is equally suited to residential or commercial properties, and is also often planted in parks for ornamental shade. It holds up well in rows as street trees. Home landscapers may want to couple with Hostas around the base to protect and hide exposed roots.
Symbolism
Tolerance, patience, peace and harmony
Interesting Facts
Japanese zelkova trees can grow to be over 500 years old. The Korean Forest service did a survey of trees in 1989 and the majority of japanese zelkova species were over 500 years old. The Korean government considered these ancient trees to be registered National Monuments of Korea.
Name Story
Japanese zelkova: Zelkova is valued as a commercial timber tree in Japan. The genus name may refer to the original name of the Republic of Georgia. Since it is also originated from Japan, it is called Japanese zelkova.
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Quickly Identify Japanese zelkova

1
Distinct serrated leaves providing a saw-like appearance.
2
Smooth bark exfoliating to reveal orange-brown inner layer.
3
Ovoid, reniform fruit with twin diminutive beaks.
4
Simple, oblong-elliptic leaves with acute teeth.
5
Unique honeycomb-patterned bark peeling in patches.
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Care Guide for Japanese zelkova

Every 1-2 weeks
Water
Full sun
Sunlight
15 - 35 ℃
Ideal Temperature
Garden Soil
Soil Type
Water: Originating from moderate climates, japanese zelkova thrives with balanced moisture. Water every 1-2 weeks, allowing soil to slightly dry. As a deciduous tree, its needs increase in spring and summer, aligning with growth and rainfall patterns.
Fertilize: For japanese zelkova, use a balanced N-P-K fertilizer in spring and fall, with high-nitrogen during active growth for lush foliage. Follow the manufacturer's rate to prevent root burn, favor gradual-release forms, and adjust frequency based on soil fertility and japanese zelkova's maturity. Thoroughly water after fertilizing.
Pruning: Japanese zelkova, known for its vase-shaped canopy and serrated leaves, requires early spring pruning. Remove dead or crossing branches for better airflow, maintaining a strong central leader. This encourages vigorous growth, improves disease resistance, and enhances structural attractiveness in gardens.
Propagation: Japanese zelkova is a deciduous shade tree from the elm family, known for its vase-shaped growth and serrated leaves. Successful propagation occurs via semi-hardwood cuttings, treated with root hormones in a well-draining medium. Consistent moisture and warmth, along with bottom heat, improve rooting success for saplings.
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