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Silver fir
Also known as: Swiss pine
Silver fir (Abies alba) is a large evergreen conifer that will grow from 41 to 50 m tall. It has large, flat needles and produces big pine cones. Native to Europe, its pyramid shape makes it perfect for use as a Christmas tree. Grows in full sun to partial shade with moist, well-drained soil.
Scientific classification
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Perennial
Lifespan
Tree
Plant Type
Mid spring, Late spring, Early summer
Bloom Time
All year round
Harvest Time
40 m to 50 m
Plant Height
4 m to 8 m
Spread
Green, Gray, Silver
Leaf Color
Brown, Green, Red, Copper, Burgundy, Yellow
Fruit Color
Yellow, Pink, Green, Purple, Red
Flower Color
Gray, Silver, Green, Brown
Stem Color

Images of Silver fir

Distribution of Silver fir

Distribution Map
Silver fir is a plant naturally found in the temperate and boreal forests of the European continent, thriving in mountainous regions. It has been introduced and cultivated in both northern Europe and some Mediterranean areas. Its range successfully extends as it adapts to various European climatic zones, from the dense, cooler northern woodlands to the milder southern mountain landscapes.
Native
Cultivated
Invasive
Introduced
No species reported
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Habitat
Forests in mountains

Quickly Identify Silver fir

1
Needles are dark green, 1-2 inches (2.5-5 cm) long, with a blunt or notched tip.
2
Cylindrical cones are upright, 4-6 inches (10-15 cm) long, purple before maturation.
3
Leaves are needle-like, 0.8-1 inch (2-2.5 cm) long, with a distinctive notch at the tip.
4
Mature stems are gray, scaly, and pubescent, with changing color and texture.
5
Bark evolves from dark gray with resin blisters to square plates, creating a scaly texture.
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Care Guide for Silver fir

Every 1-2 weeks
Water
Full sun
Sunlight
15 - 38 ℃
Ideal Temperature
Garden Soil
Soil Type
Water: Silver fir thrives in moderately moist environments and requires watering every 1-2 weeks to maintain evenly damp soil. It prefers humidity similar to its mountainous European origins and is usually grown outdoors, exhibiting lower water loss through transpiration due to its evergreen nature.
Fertilize: For optimal growth of silver fir, use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring, adjusting quantity based on size and age. Avoid over-fertilization and refrain during winter dormancy. Ensure even distribution integrated into the soil, avoiding direct trunk contact to prevent damage.
Pruning: Silver fir is an evergreen conifer with a dense, pyramidal shape. Prune silver fir in winter to remove dead or crossing branches, ensuring airflow. Avoid cutting the main leader to retain its shape. Regular pruning promotes healthy growth and reduces disease risk.
Propagation: Silver fir is a coniferous tree appreciated for its beauty and ornamental use. Successful propagation involves seed stratification and planting in well-drained, acidic soil. Young saplings need adequate spacing and protection from harsh conditions, with consistent watering to promote steady growth.
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