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Dieffenbachia
Also known as: Poison arum
The focal point of a dieffenbachia is the beautiful look and patterns of the foliage, which are often variegated. This plant has showy white blooms, but only flowers in perfect conditions. Use caution, because the dieffenbachia is poisonous; if the sap is ingested it can cause muteness for up to two weeks by numbing the throat and vocal cords.
Scientific classification
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Toxic to Human & Pets
Toxicity
Perennial
Lifespan
Herb
Plant Type
Spring, Summer, Fall
Bloom Time
91 cm to 3 m
Plant Height
60 cm to 90 cm
Spread
Green, Yellow, White, Variegated, Gold
Leaf Color
8 cm
Flower Size
Green, White, Yellow
Flower Color
Non-dormant
Dormancy
Evergreen
Leaf type
20 - 38 ℃
Ideal Temperature

Images of Dieffenbachia

Distribution of Dieffenbachia

Distribution Map
Dieffenbachia's native range centers around the Gulf of Mexico, where it grows on humid forest floors. It is cultivated around the world as an ornamental and popular houseplant, and has become established in other tropical regions in the Indopacific and western Mexico.
Native
Cultivated
Invasive
Introduced
No species reported
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Habitat
Edge of a wetland slough, trail up mountain, mature forest
Hemisphere Trend Curve

Culture

Garden Use
Dieffenbachia is a common ornamental perennial grown as a houseplant. The lovely variegated leaves are its most prized feature, giving a boost of color and interest to what otherwise may be an uninteresting area of the house. Dieffenbachia is perfect for those who don't have access to an outside garden and want an easy-to-care-for plant to bring indoors. Houseplants that require similar growing conditions, such as the spider plant, will be great companions.
Symbolism
Protection from negativity
Interesting Facts
In a series of viral messages, emails, and articles that can still be found on the internet, dieffenbachia has been portrayed as a deadly plant that can kill children and adults. These claims have proven to be fake. Although it is an irritant, Dieffenbachia seguine is not considered deadly and experts are not aware of any deadly poisoning cases.
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Cultivars

There are several recognized cultivars of Dieffenbachia, including the following common varieties :

Toxicity

If ingested or touched, dieffenbachia can cause moderate to severe symptoms due to calcium oxalate. It can induce lip and tongue swelling, drooling, and difficulty breathing. Skin rash or eye irritation can occur upon contact. All parts are moderately toxic to dogs and cats, causing mouth pain, nausea, and sometimes fatal airway swelling. Always handle with caution.
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RELATED: Toxicity of Dieffenbachia

Quickly Identify Dieffenbachia

1
Large elliptic-oblong leaves, 10-20 inches (25-50 cm) long, with creamy blotches and prominent venation.
2
Intriguing flower structure with green boat-shaped spathe surrounding a spadix, supported by a long peduncle.
3
Stout, fleshy stem, 1-2 inches (2.5-5 cm) in diameter, with prominent leaf scars and minimal branching.
4
Leaves with striking white, yellowish, and green patterns, oblong-lanceolate, and sheathing petiole for support.
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Care Guide for Dieffenbachia

Every week
Water
Full shade
Sunlight
20 - 38 ℃
Ideal Temperature
Water: Dieffenbachia originates from tropical rainforests, thriving in high humidity with consistent moisture. While it can tolerate brief dryness, regular weekly watering is essential for lush growth. Typically grown indoors, maintaining moisture is crucial for this evergreen's health and year-round vibrancy.
Fertilize: For dieffenbachia, use high nitrogen fertilizers for optimal foliar growth, applying quarterly or bi-annually in winter. Feed every six weeks during active growth, using dilute solutions to prevent root burn. Novices should follow directions to avoid over-fertilization, while experienced gardeners can adjust based on dieffenbachia's response.
Pruning: Dieffenbachia has broad, variegated leaves and a bushy form. Prune in early to late spring to encourage growth and maintain shape, using clean tools. This reduces size, encourages fullness, and promotes health. Wear gloves due to potential irritants in dieffenbachia's sap.
Propagation: Dieffenbachia is propagated through cuttings in spring and summer, displaying moderate difficulty. Success is indicated by new leaf growth. High humidity and well-draining soil are essential for optimal propagation results.
Repotting: Repot dieffenbachia annually in early spring for healthy growth. Choose a slightly larger pot to accommodate roots, ensuring good drainage to prevent root rot. After repotting, keep the soil consistently moist and shield from direct sunlight during the recovery period.
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