

How to identify Field horsetail (Equisetum arvense)
Field horsetail, also known as Mare's tail, Foxtail, Jointed rush, Western horsetail, Snake grass
Field horsetail features dense vegetation with coarse, erect, unbranched stems that can grow up to 2 feet (60 cm) tall, resembling the tail of a horse. The stems are marked by a distinctive series of ridges and joints. It produces two types of shoots: early spring brings non-photosynthetic, spore-bearing stems topped with light-brown cones, followed by the emergence of green, photosynthetic sterile shoots that last through the summer until autumn frost. These green shoots have whorls of tiny, scale-like leaves, and the plant disseminates via spores that react to moisture by curling or uncurling, assisting in their movement into the soil.
Coarse, erect stems reach 2 feet (60 cm) with distinctive ridges and joints.
Non-fertile stem nodes bear small sheath-like leaves with dark teeth.
Whorled branches create a segmented appearance with solid angular side branches.
Emergence of green shoots in spring with spore-producing cones at the top.
Moisture-responsive spores aid in dispersal by curling or uncurling for soil penetration.
The leaves of field horsetail are diminutive sheath-like structures encircling each node of the non-fertile stem. Typically, these sheaths possess multiple dark-colored teeth at their apex. Additionally, the leaves at the base of the branchlets are scale-like with similar tooth-like features. These sheaths are generally small, measuring approximately 0.2 inches (0.5 cm) in length, and are essential for plant identification due to their distinctive toothed appearance.
The stem of field horsetail is green, with a hollow core, measuring about 0.1 to 0.2 inches (0.3 to 0.5 cm) in diameter. It features whorled branches that spread out or ascend, giving it a segmented appearance. The solid, angular side branches are a distinct characteristic. In the spring, a tan-colored fertile stem, about 4 to 12 inches (10 to 30 cm) tall, emerges with a cone at the top producing white spores.
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Scientific Classification of Field horsetail