

How to identify Hardy rubber tree (Eucommia ulmoides)
Hardy rubber tree, also known as Chinese rubber tree
Hardy rubber tree is recognized as a sturdy deciduous tree that typically features a straight trunk, reaching heights up to 65 feet (20 meters). Its smooth, gray bark wraps around a robust and well-structured frame. The tree displays simple, broadly oval leaves that can stretch up to 6 inches (15 centimeters) in length. These leaves are glossy green on top with a slightly paler hue underneath, commonly sporting finely toothed edges. In the early stages, the foliage may exhibit a gentle red tint, maturing to a deep green as the season progresses.
Smooth, gray bark with deep ridges and furrows, 1-2 inches (2.5-5 cm) thick.
Leaves: glossy green, oblong-ovate, 3-8 inches (7.5-20 cm) long, exude rubbery latex when torn.
Winged seeds in papery samaras, 1-1.5 inches (2.5-3.8 cm) long, aiding in wind dispersal.
Male flowers clustered, no petals; female flowers solitary, 1/8 inch (3 mm) diameter.
Robust trunk up to 65 feet (20 meters) tall, lacking terminal bud; thick, moderately branching stems.
The leaves of hardy rubber tree are green and glossy, ranging from elliptic to ovate or oblong-ovate in shape. They measure 3-8 inches (7.5-20 cm) in length and 2-4 inches (5-10 cm) in width. The leaf tip is acuminate, and the margins are serrate. Mature leaves exhibit a wrinkled texture. Notably, when torn, the leaves exude a rubbery latex, making them distinctive.
The flowers of hardy rubber tree are small and greenish-brown, appearing on separate male and female trees. Male flowers are found in clusters and lack petals, while female flowers are solitary. Each flower measures approximately 1/8 inch (3 mm) in diameter. The blooms are characteristically inconspicuous and lack a noticeable scent. Flowering typically occurs in early spring, providing crucial reproductive functions for the species.
Hardy rubber tree features brown stems that lack a terminal bud. The texture is firm and somewhat smooth, with occasional slight roughness due to lenticels. The stems are moderately thick, typically around 0.4-0.6 inches (1-1.5 cm) in diameter. Branching occurs in a somewhat irregular pattern, giving the plant a bushy appearance. A unique characteristic is the presence of latex-like strands when the stem is broken, which distinguishes it from other species.
The fruit of hardy rubber tree consists of flattened winged seeds encased in a samara. These seeds are approximately 1 to 1.5 inches (2.5 to 3.8 cm) in length. The samaras display a notable papery texture and help in the dispersal of the seeds by wind. They are light in weight, aiding in their flight away from the parent plant. The coloration of the fruit is typically a blend of green and brown hues, transitioning as they mature. Their aerodynamic design is a defining characteristic vital for distinguishing them from other species.
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Scientific Classification of Hardy rubber tree