How to identify Arrowhead plant (Syngonium podophyllum)
Arrowhead plant, also known as American evergreen, Goosefoot
Arrowhead plant exhibits a dynamic climbing growth pattern, reaching lengths of up to 6 feet (approximately 1.8 meters). Its appearance is characterized by generously long-petioled leaves that may display a spectrum of colors, from vivid green to variegated patterns. The typical habit of this species is a lush, bushy structure complemented by an array of soft, cascading stems. While blooms are a rare spectacle when arrowhead plant is grown indoors, its foliage alone makes it a sought-after houseplant for enthusiasts. The leaves, noteworthy for their arrowhead shape, add to the plant's ornamental appeal.
Lifespan: Perennial
Plant Type: Vine, Herb
Leaf Type: Evergreen
Climbing growth reaching 6 feet (1.8 meters)
Long-petioled leaves with various colors
Ornamental arrowhead-shaped leaves
Smooth, green succulent stem with adventitious roots
Egg-shaped cluster of small, red berries
The leaves of arrowhead plant vary significantly in form throughout their development. Juvenile leaves are alternate, simple, and arrow-shaped, with a dark green upper surface and a lighter underside. Intermediate leaves are 3-lobed with a constricted median segment and a triangular basal segment. Adult leaves are divided into 3-11 segments, with obovate to elliptic median segments and auriculate lowermost segments, dark green above and paler beneath. Petioles are long, green to reddish-green, partially sheathing at the base.
The flowers of arrowhead plant feature an axillary spathe cluster. The spathe, which encapsulates the shorter spadix, forms a boat-shaped tube. Colors range from green to yellow and white, occasionally marked with red or purple. The spathes typically overlap, giving a layered appearance. Each spathe is roughly 4 inches (10 cm) in length. The flowers do not emit a significant scent, and they bloom sporadically throughout the year.
The stem of arrowhead plant is succulent and green, characterized by its climbing nature. It features a smooth texture and medium thickness, typically reaching diameters of 0.4 inches (1 cm). The stem readily produces adventitious roots, aiding its climbing ability. It grows in a somewhat zigzag pattern, allowing the plant to attach and ascend supporting structures efficiently. The vibrant green coloration and moist, fleshy feel are key identifying traits of this species' stem.
The fruit of arrowhead plant is distinguished by an egg-shaped conglomeration, comprising numerous round berries that collectively form a dense cluster. These berries transition from a green shade during their early development stages to a more red or sometimes orange hue as they mature. The individual berries are typically small, with each one measuring around 0.2 to 0.4 inches (5 to 10 mm) in diameter. The skin of these ripe berries often has a smooth, glossy appearance, and the berries are tightly packed on the inflorescence axis. While the fruit is a critical feature for species identification, it's generally not considered palatable for humans.
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Scientific Classification of Arrowhead plant
