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Top 20 Most Common Toxic Plants in Bermuda

Bermuda's mild subtropical climate, high humidity, and fertile soils create an ideal environment for a wide variety of flora, including toxic plants. Concerns have risen about the prevalence of harmful species, with Brazilian peppertree, Dieffenbachia, and Sago palm being notable examples. These conditions enable such plants to thrive, potentially impacting native ecosystems and human health.

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Most Common Toxic Plants
Brazilian peppertree
1. Brazilian peppertree
Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolia) is a flowering plant native to South America that is related to the cashew. Brazilian peppertree is widely cultivated as a houseplant in regions without frost. The plant can cause skin irritation in people with sensitive skin.
Toxic to:
Human
Dieffenbachia
2. Dieffenbachia
If either ingested or touched, dieffenbachia can cause negative reactions. The symptoms range from moderate to severe and can be dangerous if airways are blocked. Due to the calcium oxalate contained in this plant, its leaves and sap have toxic properties. When ingested, they can induce symptoms such as lip and tongue swelling, drooling, speech loss, and difficulty breathing; when touched, they can cause a painful skin rash or eye irritation. Since these plants are often found indoors as decorative plants, be careful when keeping them around small children. Always wear gloves when handling this plant.
Toxic to:
Human & Pets
Oleander
3. Oleander
Oleander is moderately to highly toxic to humans – instances of ingestion, or physical contact with this plant's sap, should be immediately addressed by medical professionals. While fatal cases of oleander poisoning are very rare, they are possible. All parts of this plant are toxic if ingested. Physical contact with the plant's sap, which is found throughout the plant and is more likely to be exposed if the plant is cut or damaged, may cause dermatological symptoms, including redness and itchiness of the skin. Symptoms following ingestion include low blood pressure, lethargy, an irregular heartbeat, blurred vision, confusion, diarrhea, vomiting, dizziness, fainting and, in extreme cases, death. Be mindful of curious children, as oleanders are an extremely common ornamental plant cultivated in gardens and parks around the world.
Toxic to:
Human & Pets
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Sago palm
4. Sago palm
Many species within the Cycas revoluta genus are highly toxic to dogs - if you suspect your dog has ingested any part of a sago palm plant, you should contact a vet immediately. The Sago palm is a very common ornamental and is the most common culprit. These plants contain high concentrations of the cycasin toxin, which is found throughout their structures but is most concentrated in their seeds. Ingesting even a small amount of cycasin can cause vomiting and diarrhea. Larger amounts can cause damage to the intestines and liver, coma, or death.
Toxic to:
Human & Pets
White ramping fumitory
5. White ramping fumitory
White ramping fumitory is an annual flower in the poppy family. These plants can grow up to 20 blooms with creamy white petals and purple tips. The tips turn pink after the plant has been pollinated. In some places, white ramping fumitory is considered an invasive weed because it can smother other low-growing plants.
Golden dewdrops
6. Golden dewdrops
Golden dewdrops (Duranta erecta) is an ornamental sprawling shrub commonly found in subtropical and tropical gardens all over the world. Its gentle purple blossoms are often visited by butterflies and hummingbirds. Golden dewdrops is considered a weed in Australia, South Africa and certain parts of East Asia.
Toxic to:
Human
Sea squill
7. Sea squill
Sea squill is a flowering perennial that grows from a bulb. In the fall, the tall leaves die back and make way for the flower spike of red or white clustered petals. This plant is poisonous and has been used in the making of rat poison.
Striped barbados lily
8. Striped barbados lily
Striped barbados lily is perennial herbs with showy flowers but it contains toxic compounds, most notably alkaloids lycorine and tazetine, as well as calcium oxalate crystals.
Toxic to:
Human & Pets
Durian
9. Durian
Durian (Durio zibethinus) is a tropical plant from Southeast Asia. It bears large, spiny, edible fruit which has become a major export crop of the region. The fruit is best known for its pungent smell, which provokes opposing reactions, ranging from near-addiction to revulsion. In some areas, it has even been banned from public transport and hotels.
Black nightshade
10. Black nightshade
True to this plant's reputation, consumption of black nightshade can be extremely toxic to dogs, and warrants immediate veterinary attention. All parts of these plants contain several toxic substances which can cause loss of appetite, excessive drooling, vomiting, diarrhea, dilated pupils, confusion, behavioral changes, and weakness. In more severe cases, difficulty breathing, a lowered heart rate, coma, or even death may occur, so treat it as a medical emergency if your pet has come into contact with this plant.
Toxic to:
Human & Pets
Sprenger's asparagus fern
11. Sprenger's asparagus fern
Sprenger's asparagus fern (Asparagus aethiopicus) is a fern species native to South Africa. Despite its common name, this plant is not a true fern by taxonomy. Sprenger's asparagus fern is generally considered to be an invasive species. The common name was established by Carl Ludwig Sprenger who popularized cultivating sprenger's asparagus fern as an ornamental plant.
Toxic to:
Human & Pets
Angel's trumpet
12. Angel's trumpet
The flowers of angel's trumpet (Brugmansia arborea) are highly aromatic. This species grows best in moist, well-drained soil.
Toxic to:
Human
Common fumitory
13. Common fumitory
A garden poppy that can escape as a scrambling weed across open fields, the common fumitory (Fumaria officinalis) produces flowers from early spring to late fall. In the past, it had been used as a folk medicine, but it is now known to be poisonous and should not be used in any home remedies.
Toxic to:
Human
Devil's-backbone
14. Devil's-backbone
Devil's-backbone (Euphorbia tithymaloides) is a succulent species of spurge native to North and Central America. It has been planted in gardens since the 17th century and valued for its unique appearance and its habit of attracting hummingbirds. However, nearly all parts of this species are toxic and should not be consumed.
Toxic to:
Human
Potato
15. Potato
True to this plant's reputation, consumption of potato can be extremely toxic to dogs, and warrants immediate veterinary attention. All parts of these plants contain several toxic substances which can cause loss of appetite, excessive drooling, vomiting, diarrhea, dilated pupils, confusion, behavioral changes, and weakness. In more severe cases, difficulty breathing, a lowered heart rate, coma, or even death may occur, so treat it as a medical emergency if your pet has come into contact with this plant.
Toxic to:
Human & Pets
Mexican fireplant
16. Mexican fireplant
Mexican fireplant is native to tropical America, but it has been naturalized in other tropical and subtropical regions in the world. *Euphorbia heterophylla* is a poisonous plant to humans and livestock. It contains a toxic milky sap which can cause strong skin irritation.
Toxic to:
Human
Bird of paradise
17. Bird of paradise
Bird of paradise is generally considered non-toxic but can be poisonous when ingested in large quantities. Cases of poisoning are typically mild to moderate with symptoms including abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Cases of poisoning may be more serious in children. The fruit and seeds are considered to be the most toxic parts of the plant. The frequent use of this plant as a houseplant could be a factor in poisoning frequency. This plant can be mistaken for another more toxic species, Poinciana gilliesii, as they share the same common name, bird of paradise.
Toxic to:
Human & Pets
Mexican prickly poppy
18. Mexican prickly poppy
Argemone mexicana has been naturalized in many parts of the world. It is extremely tolerant of drought and poor soil, but is poisonous to grazing animals. Its seed pods secrete a pale yellow latex when cut open. In India, the mexican prickly poppy is used in the Holika Dahan festival, in which adults and children worship by offering flowers.
Toxic to:
Human
Asthma-plant
19. Asthma-plant
Asthma-plant (Euphorbia hirta) is a ground-hugging spurge weed whose branches can grow to 61 cm long. It blooms from summer through early fall, dying off after the first frost. A milky sap will seep from broken stems or leaves. It can be a nuisance weed that reproduces rapidly.
Toxic to:
Human
Wild daffodil
20. Wild daffodil
Wild daffodils have low-level toxicity when the leaves or bulbs are ingested. The bulbs, however, are the most toxic part of the plant. If the bulbs are ingested, symptoms may include vomiting, diarrhea, and excessive salivation. If a large quantity is consumed, convulsions, low blood pressure, tremors, and cardiac arrhythmias may occur. Poisoning is most likely to occur from accidental ingestion by children, as wild daffodils are grown in gardens around the world.
Toxic to:
Human & Pets
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More Plants in Bermuda

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Most Common Flowers

Bermuda boasts a favorable climate and soil conditions that support a rich diversity of indigenous flowers. Among these are , , and . These blossoms contribute to the region's visual beauty and carry symbolic and ecological significance. While avoiding detailed descriptions, their presence enhances the local environment. Precise and reliable sources confirm the abundance and importance of these characteristic flowers in Bermuda.

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Most Common Fruits

Bermuda's warm subtropical climate, along with its rich, well-drained soil, creates an ideal environment for the cultivation of a variety of local fruit plants. , , and stand as some of the most prominent flora in the region, each one deeply ingrained in the cultural fabric and culinary traditions of the island. Their significance extends beyond mere agriculture, as they are emblematic of Bermuda's identity and heritage, playing pivotal roles in local cuisine and celebrations.

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Most Common Trees

Bermuda's favorable climate and rich soil conditions provide an ideal environment for the growth of indigenous trees. Three emblematic trees in this territory are , , and . These trees hold great significance as they contribute to the cultural and ecological value of Bermuda. Their presence not only adds beauty to the landscape but also supports the local ecosystem and provides habitat for various species. Reliable sources highlight the importance of preserving and protecting these native trees in order to maintain the ecological balance of Bermuda's environment.

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Most Common Weeds

Bermuda's subtropical climate with high humidity and ample rainfall creates an ideal environment for various garden weeds to flourish. Among the most common invaders challenging gardeners and landscapers are , , and , each adept at exploiting the fertile conditions. These prevalent weeds pose a persistent battle, as they can quickly overtake native plants and cultivated areas, necessitating consistent management efforts.

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Most Common Tall Trees

Bermuda, an Atlantic archipelago, harbors a subtropical climate and a blend of coastal and volcanic terrains, cultivating a haven for remarkable arboreal giants. Amongst the botanical skyscrapers, , , and stand as verdant monuments, each playing a pivotal role in the island's ecosystem. These species are not mere lofty spectacles but vital contributors to Bermuda's unique history and biodiversity, symbolizing a flourishing synergy between the land and its native flora.

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Most Common Plants

In Bermuda, you can find Chinese hibiscus, Tree of heaven, Oleander, Sweet basil, Brazilian peppertree, and more! There are 480 types of plants in total. Be sure to look out for these common plants when you’re walking on the streets, in parks, or public gardens.

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