Chinese elm - Ulmus parvifolia (Care, Characteristics, Symbolism, Images)

Chinese elm

Also known as: Leather-leaf elm

Chinese elm (Ulmus parvifolia) is a small, deciduous elm tree native to China, Japan, North Korea, and Vietnam. This tree is considered to have the hardest wood of all elm tree species. Commercially, its wood is used to make baseball bats, bows, and the handles of tools. Ornamentally, the chinese elm is used in landscaping in areas with a good amount of full sunlight.

Scientific classification

Species

Chinese elm (Ulmus parvifolia)

Roses, elms, figs, and allies

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Perennial

Lifespan

Tree

Plant Type

Mid summer, Late summer, Fall

Bloom Time

Fall

Harvest Time

10 m to 18 m

Plant Height

15 m to 20 m

Spread

Green, Yellow, Purple

Leaf Color

2.5 cm

Flower Size

Brown, Green, Copper

Fruit Color

Yellow, Green, White

Flower Color

Brown

Stem Color

Winter dormancy

Dormancy

Deciduous

Leaf type

5 - 35 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Spring, Summer, Fall

Growth Season

Rapid

Growth Rate

Images of Chinese elm

Distribution of Chinese elm

Distribution Map

Chinese elm is native to East Asia, where it thrives in various temperate regions. Beyond its indigenous range, chinese elm has been introduced and cultivated in multiple areas across Eastern Europe, the Middle East, South America, and Africa. Its ability to adapt to diverse climates has facilitated its widespread cultivation outside its original habitat.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Habitat

Near water courses

Hemisphere Trend Curve

Northern

Sorthern

Culture

Economic Value

Wood can be used for furniture, agricultural tools and other materials, and its bark can be woven into sacks.

Garden Use

A towering, stately addition to almost any landscape, the chinese elm offers gardeners a great shade or specimen tree in winter gardens. It is prized for its ornamental value, with its mottled bark of cream, brown, green, and orange tones and great foliage. It can be accompanied by groundcovers such as hosta and daffodil or trees such as eastern redbud and Green Giant thuja.

Symbolism

Dignity and longevity

Interesting Facts

The largest chinese elm ever found is in Shaanxi Province, China. The diameter of the tree is 2.1 meters. Its shape is extremely beautiful with lush branches. It is 3,000 years old.

Name Story

Chinese elm: This plant has been described as "one of the most splendid elms, having the poise of a graceful Nothofagus". The genus name Ulmus holds the meaning of elm and it is originated from China, so it is called Chinese elm.

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Cultivars

There are several recognized cultivars of Chinese elm, including the following common varieties :

Chinese elm 'Frosty'

Quickly Identify Chinese elm

Exfoliating bark with brown, tan, olive, and cinnamon hues.

Small, inconspicuous reddish-green flowers in unisexual clusters.

Distinct light brown, oblong fruit with wing-like samaras.

Dark green leaves, asymmetrical, glossy upper surface, hairy lower texture.

Smooth grayish stem, zigzag branching, ellipsoidal buds with brown scales.

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Care Guide for Chinese elm

Every 1-2 weeks

Water

Full sun

Sunlight

5 - 35 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Water: Chinese elm, native to East Asia, prefers moderate humidity and tolerates short droughts. It thrives with consistent watering every 1-2 weeks. Well-adapted to temperate outdoor environments, it benefits from seasonal rainfall, promoting optimal growth during the growing season.

Fertilize: Chinese elm requires balanced nutrition or high nitrogen fertilizers for optimal growth. Fertilize every 4-6 weeks in spring and summer, and reduce to every 2-3 months in fall and winter. Water thoroughly post-fertilization to enhance nutrient uptake and prevent root burn.

Pruning: Chinese elm has flaking bark and arching branches, thriving with regular early spring pruning. This process removes dead wood, shapes growth, and thins crowded branches for better air and light access. Clean, sharp tools are essential to prevent disease and promote healing.

Propagation: Chinese elm is a hardy deciduous tree adaptable to various conditions. Propagate using semi-hardwood cuttings in the growing phase, with rooting hormone and well-draining soil. Maintain moisture and warmth for root development, and handle saplings carefully for successful relocation.

Repotting: Repot chinese elm every 2-3 years in early spring to support its moderate growth. Use a slightly larger pot for root expansion. After repotting, provide consistent watering and partial sun exposure, as chinese elm is sensitive to environmental changes.

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Images of Chinese elm

Distribution of Chinese elm

Culture

Cultivars

Quickly Identify Chinese elm

Care Guide for Chinese elm

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