How to identify Pineapple (Ananas comosus)
Pineapple, also known as Pina
Pineapple features a distinctive rosette of sword-shaped leaves with needle-like tips, which may grow up to 30 inches (76 cm) long and 3 inches (7.6 cm) wide. The waxy leaves, often with a reddish or bronze hue, culminate in a rigid, fibrous core that supports a large, compound fruit. This fruit, characterized by its tough, hexagonal-patterned skin, can reach up to 12 inches (30 cm) in length and 6 inches (15 cm) in diameter. Atop the fruit, a compact cluster of green, leafy bracts form a ‘crown’.
Lifespan: Perennial, Annual
Plant Type: Herb
Leaf Type: Evergreen
Long sword-shaped leaves up to 30 inches (76 cm) long with needle-like tips.
Unique hexagonal-patterned fruit skin, reaching up to 12 inches (30 cm) long and 6 inches (15 cm) wide.
Erect flower cluster on 20-inch (50 cm) stalk, each flower with 3 sepals, 3 petals, and 6 stamens.
Basal leaves 1.6-3.3 feet (50-100 cm) long, rigid, with spiny margins, forming a rosette pattern.
Thick stem, 1 inch (2.5 cm) in diameter, rough texture, often concealed by clustered leaves.
The leaves of pineapple are basal, erect, stiff, and sword-shaped, ranging from 1.6 to 3.3 feet (50 to 100 cm) in length. They possess sharp-pointed tips and spiny margins, although smooth-margined and variegated varieties exist. The upper surface is grooved, and the leaves form a rosette pattern. Their rigid texture and spiny edges are distinctive features, crucial for plant identification.
The flowers of pineapple are arranged in an erect, tight cluster on a stalk up to 20 inches (50 cm) long. Each flower has 3 sepals and 3 petals, which enclose 6 stamens and a 3-branched stigma. These bisexual flowers are sessile and part of a compact inflorescence. The overall arrangement and structure make the flowers distinct and identifiable, with each small component contributing to the flower's reproductive capabilities.
The stem of pineapple is notably short and thick, typically measuring around 1 inch (2.5 cm) in diameter. It features a rough, fibrous texture, often concealed by the tightly clustered leaves that form a rosette around it. The color of the stem ranges from light green to brownish, depending on age and environmental conditions. This stem structure is essential for the plant's support and nutrient transport, while also contributing to its resilience and adaptability in various growing conditions.
The fruit of pineapple is renowned for its unique features, which are essential for identification. It boasts a cylindrical shape and can reach a substantial size of up to 12 inches (30 cm) in length, with a weight ranging between 6-8 pounds (2.7-3.6 kg). The tough, waxy rind presents a patchwork of hexagonal units, which transition from green to yellow or slightly brown upon maturation. This outer layer is derived from the coalesced sepals and floral bracts, characteristic of the fruit's origin from a seedless syncarp made of 100-200 spiral flowers. Internally, the fruit is densely fleshy and oval. Its compelling design is both an aggregate of individual fruits and an emblem of its unique botanical formation.
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Scientific Classification of Pineapple
