The leaves of asiatic pennywort are solitary or grouped, with a distinctive bean shape. They range from linear and terete to broadly reniform, displaying an alternate arrangement. These simple leaves have a smooth texture and a crenate margin with rounded teeth. Their size varies, typically reaching up to 5 inches (12 cm) across. The leaf color is a vibrant green, with a vein pattern that is clearly defined, contributing to their unique appearance.

The flowers of asiatic pennywort are solitary, very large, and funnel-shaped, with 5 short lobes. They exhibit a variety of colors including white, pink, and yellow. Blooming occurs from May to October, and the blossoms are notably fragrant at night. These characteristics are critical for identifying the flowers: their distinct large funnel shape, the short-lobed petal arrangement, and their pleasant nocturnal scent. The flowers' dimensions and the flowering period are essential for plant enthusiasts.

The green to reddish-green stems of asiatic pennywort are slender and function as creeping stolons. These stolons characteristically spread across the ground, producing roots at nodes. The stems are smooth, cylindrical, and measure approximately 0.1 to 0.15 inches (2.5 to 4 mm) in diameter. They exhibit a horizontal growth pattern, forming a network that aids in vegetative propagation. The texture of the stems is relatively soft, making them flexible and capable of forming a dense mat across the surface.

The fruit of asiatic pennywort is markedly distinctive, comprised of flattened, dry structures known as mericarps. These mericarps are laterally compressed, narrowing down into an extremely slender, flat junction, or commissure. Each fruit segment is accentuated by narrow yet conspicuous primary ribs, which provide a textured feel to the fruit's surface. Secondary ribs are also typically visible, lending to the detailed, ribbed appearance. This precise arrangement of ribs contributes to the fruit's identification. The overall morphology of the fruit, including its ribbing pattern and compressed shape, is integral when differentiating it from others.