How to identify Green hawthorn (Crataegus viridis)
Green hawthorn, also known as Desert hawthorn, Washington hawthorn
Green hawthorn is a deciduous tree or shrub that exhibits a gray and thorny bark texture. This species is characterized by the presence of white flowers that bloom in the spring, and it bears red fruit during the fall season. The leaves are distinctive with their resistance to leaf rust, which sets green hawthorn apart from its counterparts. The branches are likely to be found arranged in a spreading form, making the species recognizable in its natural habitat.
Lifespan: Perennial
Plant Type: Tree, Shrub
Leaf Type: Deciduous
White flowers, 5 petals, 2-inch clusters (5 cm), distinct odor attracting midges for pollination.
Red fruits, 0.24-0.39 inches (6-10 mm), glossy, persistent on branches, ornamental & edible.
Dark green leaves, oval, serrated edges, up to 3.5 inches (9 cm), shallowly lobed upper half.
Gray bark with fissures forming elongated scales, revealing orange inner bark, unique exfoliation process.
Spreading branch arrangement, resistant to leaf rust, distinctive texture, bright orange inner bark.
The leaves of green hawthorn are glossy and dark green, measuring up to 3 1/2 inches (9 cm) in length. These leaves are shallowly lobed in the upper half, creating a distinctive appearance. They exhibit a smooth texture and a sturdy, robust structure. The vein pattern is prominent, with clear midrib and secondary veins branching out. The leaves are oval-shaped with serrated edges, adding to their textured charm and making them a key feature for plant identification.
The flowers of green hawthorn are small with five white petals, forming two-inch clusters (5 cm). These blooms are known for their distinctive, albeit unpleasant odor, which attracts midges for pollination. The petals are uniformly spaced, creating a symmetrical star-like shape. Each flower is about 0.4 inches (1 cm) in diameter, blooming prolifically in late spring to early summer. The stark white coloration and specific scent are key identification features, making these flowers stand out despite their modest size.
The fruit of green hawthorn are small pomes, approximately 0.24 to 0.39 inches (6 to 10 mm) in diameter, with a glossy appearance. Upon maturity in September, the skin turns a vibrant red, providing a stark contrast against the foliage. These fruits feature a fleshy exterior surrounding a typically singular, hard seed contained within. The smooth texture and persistent nature of the fruit, often remaining affixed to branches through winter, are notable. Though primarily ornamental, the fruits are edible, yet their palatability and uses vary.
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Scientific Classification of Green hawthorn
